pi币总量说明介绍：代币模型-主网分配挖掘供应-封闭主网发布通知注意事项 Mainnet launch enclosed network period

主网启动

Pi 主网现已上线，启动主网阶段的封闭网络时期，其中主网区块链被防火墙阻止以禁止外部连接，但允许封闭网络内的点对点和点对应用传输。可以在 Pi Blockexplorer 中查看主网。Pi 钱包现在可以同时显示测试网和主网余额，尽管现在每个人在主网上的余额都是 0。随着更多的先驱者通过 KYC，他们将能够将他们的余额转移到主网上。KYC 解决方案即将推出，以开始验证 Pioneers 的身份和加入身份验证器。

请注意，Pi Network 不进行 ICO 或任何类型的 Pi 众筹销售。因此，任何冒充 Pi Network 或其创始人进行销售或上市的一方都是非法和虚假的。Pi 向 Pioneers 的任何销售都是未经授权的，并且与 Pi 核心团队没有任何关系。先驱者应提防任何骗局，不要参与。Pi 可以通过我们的移动应用程序为生态系统做出贡献来自由开采。此外，任何开采的 Pi 只能通过主网仪表板从官方 Pi 应用程序内部领取，然后转移到您的 Pi 钱包中。任何要求 Pioneers 以其他方式索取 Pi 的网站都是假的。

以下是我们白皮书的 Pi 供应和采矿部分的新草稿。挖矿将在主网阶段继续进行，但在供应有限的情况下动态调整挖矿率。有关更多详细信息，请阅读新的白皮书部分，这些部分回顾了主网之前供应和挖矿的工作方式，并描述了它们将如何以及为何在主网上发生变化。我们还将在底部保留之前发布的路线图章节以供参考。在开放网络开始更新我们网站上的官方白皮书之前，欢迎您提供反馈。

今天我们还发布了新挖矿界面的预览，让您在假设的环境中查看新的模拟主网挖矿机制，并帮助您校准锁定设置。在更多人通过KYC并迁移到主网之前，新的挖矿机制尚未生效。在此之前，所有先驱者都可以像以前一样在主网之前的机制上继续挖矿。一旦模拟和校准完成并有足够的先驱者迁移到主网，新的主网挖矿机制将生效并在主屏幕上公布。

代币模型和挖掘

一个深思熟虑、合理的代币设计对于加密货币网络的成功至关重要。它有可能创造激励来引导网络的形成和增长，建立一个公用事业驱动的生态系统，从而支持支撑这种系统的加密货币。网络激励的内容很大程度上说明了网络需要什么——例如，网络增长或基本面驱动的实用程序创建，仅仅是价值存储或加密生态系统的交换媒介。本章介绍 Pi 的供应以及 Pioneers 如何在网络的不同阶段挖掘 Pi，以及不同挖掘机制的基本设计原理，包括构建和发展网络以及激励公用事业和需求。请注意，Pi 是在其自己的区块链上运行的第一层加密货币，这里的“令牌”是指。

圆周率供应

Pi Network 的愿景是在世界上使用最广泛的加密货币 Pi 的推动下，建立世界上最具包容性的点对点经济和在线体验。为了实现这一愿景，重要的是要发展网络并使 Pi 广泛访问，同时保持区块链的安全性和 Pi 的稀缺性。虽然这些目标一直指导代币供应模型和挖掘设计，但关键区别在于：主网前阶段侧重于推动网络增长和广泛分发 Pi，主网阶段将侧重于奖励更多形式的先锋贡献，同时巩固 Pi 的供应。

测试阶段主网供应

在早期阶段，Pi Network 的重点是发展和保护网络。引导以建立足够数量的参与者对于任何网络和生态系统都至关重要。在使 Pi 成为世界上使用最广泛的加密货币的愿景的推动下，分发 Pi 并使其在全球范围内可访问进一步增加了对增长的关注。Pi 的共识算法依赖于一个全局信任图，该图是从各个 Pioneer 的安全圈聚合的。因此，激励先驱者形成个人安全圈至关重要。这意味着可作为挖矿奖励的代币供应，在主网之前没有明确限制。

同时，保持一定的 Pi 稀缺性很重要。正如挖矿部分所解释的，网络采用了一种挖矿机制，即网络规模每增加 10 倍，网络挖矿率就会减半，当达到参与的先驱者的各种里程碑时，会导致一系列减半事件。基于此模型的下一个减半事件将是当网络达到 1 亿参与先驱时。目前，我们有超过 3000 万参与的先驱。该网络还保留了一个选项，如果网络达到一定规模，则完全停止所有挖矿，但尚未确定。在主网之前没有行使限制 Pi 供应的选项，因此未定义总供应量。

具有针对可访问性、增长和安全性量身定制的挖矿机制的主网前供应模型已经引导了一个由超过 3000 万参与先驱和数百万相互交织的安全圈组成的社区。一种在手机上挖掘 Pi 的简单、可访问的方法有助于在世界各地广泛分发代币，包括由于缺乏资金、知识或技术而被排除在加密革命之外的人群。在这样做时，该网络避免了比特币和其他加密货币中明显的极端财富集中现象，准备成为一个真正的点对点分散式生态系统，拥有足够多的参与者和交易量来创建公用事业。

主网供应

供应推动增长并激励对网络的必要贡献，以实现有机可行的生态系统。为此，挖矿奖励将在主网之后继续，但将采取各种形式来激励不同类型的贡献，这将在下面的挖矿部分进行解释。在供应方面，由于主网前的挖矿机制优化了网络的可访问性和增长，供应量的不确定性给主网阶段带来了一些问题，包括规划的不可预测性、过度奖励和奖励不足的不同类型的必要新阶段的贡献，以及对稀缺性的挑战。为了解决这些问题，网络将从完全依赖网络行为的主网前供应模型转变为具有明确最大供应量的主网供应模型。

2020 年 9 月至 10 月，Pi Network 的第一个 COiNVENTION 中出现了 pre-Mainnet 供应模型中规划的不可预测性问题，其中社区小组和社区提交讨论了在当时的网络规模为 1000 万时，挖矿是否应该减半或停止。社区成员的各种声音为网络呈现了以下困境。如果基于持续（主网前）挖矿机制继续挖矿，则由于不确定性而引起对供应的担忧，从而导致 Pi 稀缺。但是，如果停止挖矿，则会损害网络的增长并阻止新的先驱者作为矿工加入网络，从而破坏了 Pi 的可访问性。即使网络从该决定中继续前进，并将挖矿速度减半至 1000 万，

社区如何在解决供应问题的同时实现持续增长和可访问性是主网代币模型设计中考虑的主要因素之一。此外，不确定和不可预测的总供应量使得整体网络代币规划变得困难，因为作为一个集体的社区和生态系统本身需要使用一些 Pi 用于造福社区和整个生态系统的目的，而不仅仅是挖矿对个人的奖励，几乎所有其他区块链网络都证明了这一点。需要为此类集体社区目的明确分配。因此，鉴于目前超过 3000 万先锋的网络规模以及未来预期的交易和活动量，

供应分配将遵循 2019 年 3 月 14 日白皮书中的原始分配原则——Pi 社区拥有 80%，Pi 核心团队拥有 Pi 的总流通供应量的 20%，无论其流通供应量有多少。任何给定时间点的 Pi 网络。因此，在最大供应总量为 1000 亿 Pi 的情况下，社区最终将获得 800 亿 Pi，核心团队最终将获得 200 亿 Pi。以下饼图描绘了整体分布。随着社区逐渐开采越来越多的 Pi，核心团队的分配以相同的速度解锁，并且可能会通过自我强加的任务进行额外的锁定。这意味着，如果社区有一部分分配在流通中（例如，25%），

上述分布表明，Pi Network 没有任何用于 ICO 的分配，也没有进行任何类型的 Pi 众筹销售。因此，任何冒充 Pi Network 或其创始人进行销售或上市的行为都是非法的、未经授权的和虚假的。这些模仿者与 Pi Core Team 没有任何关系。先驱者应提防任何骗局，不要参与。可以通过为生态系统做出贡献来自由开采 Pi。此外，所有开采的 Pi 只能通过主网仪表板从 Pi 应用程序内部领取，然后转移到您的 Pi 钱包中。任何要求 Pioneers 以其他方式声明 Pi 的网站都是假的。

社区供应的 80% 进一步分为： 65% 分配给所有过去和未来的先锋挖矿奖励，地址为 GBQQRIQKS7XLMWTTRM2EPMTRLPUGQJDLEKCGNDIFGTBZG4GL5CHHJI25 在主网上，10% 保留用于支持社区组织和生态系统建设，最终将由 Pi 基金会管理，未来的非营利组织，地址 GDPDSLFVGEPX6FJKGZXSTJCPTSKKAI4KBHBAQCCKQDXISW3S5SJ6MGMS，5% 预留给流动性池，用于为 PiUX 生态系统中的先驱者和开发者提供流动性，地址为 GB7HLN74IIY6PENS4XXHB5ZJQHB6P。下表描述了社区供应分布：

社区拨款	Pi 社区分布（在预计的 800 亿 Pi 总数中）
预主网挖矿奖励	200 亿pi币（大约）
主网挖矿奖励	450 亿圆周率（大约）
流动性池准备金	50 亿圆周率（大约）
基金会储备（赠款、社区活动等）	100 亿圆周率（大约）@区块链神吐槽tucaod.com

650 亿 Pi 将分配给所有挖矿奖励——包括过去和未来的挖矿。对于过去的挖矿奖励，到目前为止（主网之前）所有 Pioneers 挖出的 Pi 的总和约为 300 亿 Pi。开放网络初期开采的 Pi 估计在 10 到 200 亿之间。用于挖矿奖励的 650 亿 Pi 供应中的剩余金额将通过具有概念性年度供应限制的新主网挖矿机制分配给 Pioneers。

此类年度供应限制将根据递减公式确定。年度限制可以在更细粒度的基础上计算，例如按天或按更小的时间周期动态计算，具体取决于锁定率和当时网络的剩余供应量等因素。这种基于粒度时间周期的供应限制计算有助于实现更好、更平滑的分配曲线。这里为了简单起见，让我们假设时间纪元是每年。递减公式意味着新主网挖矿第一年的年度供应限制将高于第二年，第二年高于第三年，以此类推。

在主网，先驱者将因其对网络发展和安全的持续贡献而获得奖励。正如挖矿部分所解释的，先锋奖励将进一步多样化，因为网络需要与应用程序使用、节点操作和 Pi 锁定相关的更多样化和更深入的贡献。Pre-mainnet Pioneers 将继续为 Pi 做出贡献，并从 Mainnet 采矿奖励中挖掘，以及任何新成员加入网络，以确保网络的增长和寿命。

100 亿 Pi 将保留用于社区组织和生态系统建设，未来将由非营利基金会管理。大多数去中心化网络或加密货币，即使它们是去中心化的，仍然需要一个组织来组织社区并确定生态系统的未来方向，例如以太坊和恒星币。未来的 Pi 基金会将 (1) 组织和赞助社区活动，例如开发者大会、全球在线活动和本地社区会议，(2) 组织志愿者和委员会成员，并支付致力于社区建设的全职员工和生态系统，(3) 收集社区的意见和反馈，(4) 组织未来的社区投票，(5) 建立品牌并保护网络声誉，(6) 代表网络与包括政府、传统银行和传统企业在内的其他商业实体进行互动，或 (7) 为改善 Pi 社区和生态系统而履行任何数量的责任。此外，为了构建基于公用事业的 Pi 生态系统，基金会将设计、创建和实施各种社区开发者计划，以资助、孵化、合作等形式支持社区开发者。

50 亿 Pi 将预留给流动性池，为任何生态系统参与者提供流动性，包括 Pioneers 和 Pi 应用程序开发商。流动性是生态系统可行、活跃和健康的关键。如果企业或个人想要参与生态系统的活动（例如，通过在 Pi 上买卖商品和服务），他们必须及时获得 Pi。没有流动性，生态系统就不会有 Pi 的健康流动，从而损害创造的公用事业。

正如路线图章节中所讨论的，主网封闭网络时期的一个好处是允许基于早期主网结果对代币模型进行校准（如果有的话）。因此，令牌模型在开放网络时期开始之前会进行调整。另外，未来，为了网络和生态的健康，网络可能面临1000亿Pi分配完成后是否需要通货膨胀等问题，可能需要通过通货膨胀来进一步激励贡献通过更多的挖矿奖励，弥补因事故或死亡造成的任何流通损失，提供更多的流动性，减少阻碍使用和效用创造的囤积等。 当时，

挖矿机制

Pi Network 的挖矿机制一直允许 Pioneers 为网络的增长、分配和安全做出贡献，并以任人唯贤的方式获得 Pi 奖励。主网前的挖矿机制帮助该网络实现了超过 3000 万参与成员的惊人增长，广泛分布的货币和测试网，以及将提供 Pi 区块链共识算法的安全圈聚合的信任图。

展望主网阶段，Pi Network 需要进一步的贡献，以及所有成员的更多不同类型的贡献，才能在继续增长和包容的同时成为真正的经济体。在主网阶段，除了增长、包容和安全之外，我们还希望进一步实现去中心化、公用事业、稳定性和长寿。这些目标只有在网络中的所有先驱者共同努力的情况下才能实现。因此，新的 Pi 挖矿机制旨在通过激励所有先驱基于相同的精英原则为网络做出不同贡献来实现这些目标。下面，我们先介绍主网前的挖矿公式，然后是主网公式的变化。

主网前公式

主网之前的挖矿公式展示了对先锋每小时挖矿率的择优决定。积极挖矿的 Pioneers 至少获得了最低费率，并因其对网络安全和发展的贡献而获得进一步奖励。以下公式确定了 Pioneers 每小时开采 Pi 的速度：

M = I (B, S) + E (I)，其中

• M是总的先锋挖矿率，
• I是个人先锋基础挖矿率，
• B是系统范围的基础挖矿率，
• S 是安全圈奖励，它是来自有效安全圈连接的个人先锋基础挖矿率的一个组成部分，以及
• E 是来自活跃推荐团队成员的推荐团队奖励。

系统范围的基础挖矿速率 B 开始为 3. 1415926  Pi / h 并且每次 Engaged Pioneers 网络的规模增加 10 倍，从 1000 Pioneers 开始时减半。如下所列，到目前为止已经发生了五个减半事件：

参与的先驱里程碑	B 的值（以 Pi/hr 为单位，四舍五入到两位小数）	I 的值，带有完整的安全圈（以 Pi/hr 为单位，四舍五入到两位小数 *）
<1,000	3.14	6.28
1,000	1.57	3.14
10,000	0.78	1.57
100,000	0.39	0.78
1,000,000	0.19	0.39
10,000,000	0.10	0.19

这里，

• I (B, S) = B + S (B)
• S (B) = 0.2 min (Sc, 5) B，其中
  Sc 是有效的安全圈连接数。
• E (I) = Ec I (B, S) 0.25，其中
  Ec 是同时挖矿的活跃推荐团队成员的数量。

挖掘公式也可以写成B的倍数：

• M = I (B, S) + E (I)
• M = [B + S (B)] + [Ec I (B, S) 0.25]，或
• M = [B + {0.2 min (Sc, 5) B}] + [Ec 0.25 {B + {0.2 min (Sc, 5) B}}]，或
• M = B [1 + {0.2 min (Sc, 5)} + {Ec 0.25 {1 + 0.2 min (Sc, 5)}}]，或
• M = B [(1 + Ec 0.25) {1 + 0.2 min (Sc, 5)}]

Pre-Mainnet 全系统基础挖矿率

每个活跃的 Pioneer 都至少获得了系统范围的基础挖矿率 (B)。也就是说，如果上述挖矿公式中 Sc = 0 且 Ec = 0，则 M = B。无论如何，总的 Pioneer 挖矿率是系统范围内基础挖矿率的倍数。B 的值是在主网之前预先确定的，如上表所示，它只更改了 5 次。由于主网前挖矿机制的动态进展，例如网络有多大以及网络到达下一个减半事件的速度，最大供应量是不确定的。只有当 B 降到 0 时才会确定。 然而，正如下一节所述，B 在主网上的价值是实时计算的，根据年度 Pi 总供应量和所有 Pioneers 的总挖矿系数进行动态调整. 在主网上，Pi 的供应是有限的。

安全圈奖励

Pi 的共识算法依赖于一个全局信任图，该图是从单个 Pioneer 的数百万个相互交织的安全圈聚合而成的。因此，对于每个新的有效安全圈连接，先驱者每小时会获得额外的 Pi 奖励，最多 5 个这样的连接。安全圈对 Pi 区块链的安全性如此重要，以至于安全圈奖励通过两种方式提高了 Pioneer 的总挖矿率：

• 通过直接添加到单个 Pioneer 基础挖矿率 (I)，和
• 通过提高推荐团队奖励（如果有）。

事实上，一个完整的安全圈——即至少有五个有效连接——使个人 Pioneer 基础挖矿率和推荐团队奖励翻了一番。

推荐团队奖励

先锋也可以邀请其他人加入 Pi Network 并组成他们的推荐团队。邀请者和被邀请者分享推荐团队奖金奖励，即当双方同时进行挖矿时，他们各自的 Pioneer 基础挖矿率将提高 25%。每个同时挖掘推荐团队成员的先驱者每小时可以挖掘更多的 Pi。该推荐团队奖励表彰了先驱者对网络发展和 Pi 代币分配的贡献。

主网挖矿公式

主网阶段的目标是在去中心化 和 公用事业方面取得进一步进展 ，确保 稳定性 和 寿命，并保持 增长 和 安全。如下所述，新公式激励先驱者做出更多样化的贡献，以支持这些主网目标，同时保留保护和发展网络的动力。和以前一样，它是任人唯贤的，表示为先驱者每小时开采 Pi 的速度。

M = I (B, L, S) + E (I) + N (I) + A (I) + X (B)，其中

• M是总的先锋挖矿率，
• I是个人先锋基础挖矿率，
• B 是系统范围的基础挖矿率（根据在给定时间段内分配的可用 Pi 池进行调整），
• L是锁仓奖励，是个人先锋基础挖矿率的新组成部分，
• S 是安全圈奖励，它是来自有效安全圈连接的单个 Pioneer 基础挖矿率的组成部分，与主网前挖矿公式中的方式相同，
• E 是来自活跃推荐团队成员的推荐团队奖励，与主网前挖矿公式中的方式相同，
• N 是节点奖励，
• A 是 Pi 应用使用奖励，和
• X 是未来网络生态所必需的新型贡献，稍后确定，但也将设计为 B 的倍数。

简而言之，S 和 E 与主网之前的挖矿公式相同，而在当前公式中增加了 L、N 和 A 等新奖励。L 作为 I 的一部分添加；N和A如计算额外奖励加入基于I.换句话说，网络仍然奖励 生长 至E和 安全 通过S，而建立激励机制先驱者的贡献运行节点 下放 通过N，使用应用了 实用程序 通过一种创造，并锁定以保持 稳定 特别是在 L 的最初几年。此外，未来可能会通过 X 为 Pioneers 添加新类型的奖励，以构建功能齐全的生态系统，例如对 Pioneer 开发人员创建成功的 Pi 应用程序的奖励。B 会在很长一段时间内继续存在，同时有一个年度上限，以确保  网络增长的持久性，同时保持稀缺性。事实上，所有的奖励都可以用 B 表示如下。

这里，

• • I (B, L, S) = B + S (B) + L (B)
  • S (B) = 0.2 min (Sc, 5) B，其中
    Sc 是有效的安全圈连接数。
  • E (I) = Ec 0.25 I (B, L, S)，其中
    Ec 是活跃推荐团队成员的数量。
  • L(B) = Lt Lp log (N) B，其中
    Lt是
    锁仓持续时间对应的乘数，Lp是先锋在主网上挖出的Pi被锁的比例，最大为200%，
    N是当前挖矿会话之前的先锋挖矿会话总数。
  • N（I）= node_factor tuning_factor I，其中
    Node_factor = Percent_uptime_last_1_days（Uptime_factor Port_open_factor + + CPU_factor）whereUptime_factor =（Percent_uptime_last_90_days + 1.5 * Percent_uptime_last_360_days（360-90）+ 2 * + 3 * Percent_uptime_last_2_years Percent_uptime_last_10_years）
    Port_open_factor = 1 + percent_ports_open_last_90_days + 1.5 * percent_ports_open_last_360_days + 2个* percent_ports_open_last_2_years + 3个* percent_ports_open_last_10_years，
    CPU_factor =（1个+ 1.5 * + avg_CPU_count_last_90_days avg_CPU_count_last_360_days + 2 * avg_CPU_count_last_2_years + 3个* avg_CPU_count_last_10_years）/4.Percent_uptime_last _ * _天/年为负载的百分比* TIMEPERIOD当个人节点是活动的并且可以被网络访问。
    percent_ports_open_last _ * _ 天/年是单个节点的端口打开以连接到网络的最后 * 时间段的百分比。
    avg_CPU_count_last _ * _ days/years 是单个节点在最后 * 时间段内提供给网络的平均 CPU。
    Tuning_factor 是一个统计因子，它将 node_factor 归一化为 0 到 10 之间的数字。
  • A（I）* =
    日志[
    Σ_across_apps{
    日志（time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds）
    }
    ]
    日志[日志（
    0.8 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_30_days +
    0.6 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_90_days +
    0.4 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_180_days +
    0.2 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_1_year +
    0.1 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_2_year
    ）] Itime_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds是，对于每个裨应用，时间的总量先锋在前一天使用该应用程序所花费的秒数。
    Σ_across_apps 汇总了所有 Pi 应用程序中 Pioneer 的 time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds 的对数值。
    avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_ * 是 Pioneer 在最后 * 时间段内在聚合中的所有 Pi 应用程序上花费的平均每日时间（以秒为单位）。* 请注意，当任何对数函数返回未定义的值或低于 0 的值时（即，当, 对数函数的输入低于 1)，该公式会将对数函数的值重置为 0，以避免负挖矿奖励或函数错误。

• X (B) 将在未来根据新的贡献类型确定，但将是 B 的倍数，并与其他奖励一起保持在年度供应限制内。

如上所示，S和E的表达式与主网前挖矿公式保持一致，此处不再赘述。接下来，我们将重点解释B的变化，I到L的变化，以及N和A的添加。

全系统基础挖矿率

与 Pre-Mainnet 挖矿一样，上述 Mainnet 挖矿公式中的所有项都可以用每小时 Pi 表示，并且设计为 B 的倍数。因此，该等式也可以重写如下。每个 Pioneer 每天至少可以挖掘系统范围的基本挖掘率，如果他们还有其他类型的贡献计算为 B 的倍数，他们将能够以更高的速度挖掘。

M = B (1 + S + L) (1 + N + E + A + X)

与主网前挖矿不同的是，上式主网挖矿中的 B 不再是给定时间点所有 Pioneer 的常数，而是实时计算并根据年度供应上限动态调整。

给定年度供应限制，不可能像主网之前那样保持恒定的 B，因为无法预测每个 Pioneer 在一段时间内开采了多少以及有多少 Pioneer 在积极开采。主网之前的模型旨在激励最初几年的增长以引导网络。随着网络达到一定的规模，还需要保证生态系统的整体健康。因此，通过指数网络增长和恒定采矿率来指数发行代币不再有意义。B 从常量转变为全年动态调整的原因是需要以精英的方式激励先驱者的贡献，但也需要将总奖励保持在一定范围内。

因此，为了解决年度限制问题，同时确保谁开采 Pi 的公平性，一年中某一天的 B 计算如下。这里的一天被定义为先锋开始新的挖矿会话之前的最后 24 小时。因此，不同的先驱者相对于他们的挖矿时间会有稍微不同的天数，因此，根据下面的计算，可能会有稍微不同的 B。每个 Pioneer B 在他们的挖矿会话中保持不变，即从他们开始挖矿的那一刻起的接下来的 24 小时内。B 计算如下：

• 将当年剩余的 Pi 总供应量除以当年剩余的天数，得到基于每年剩余供应量的 day_supply，
• 将过去 24 小时内活跃挖矿的所有 Pioneers 的 B 的倍数相加，在上面的 Mainnet 挖矿公式中加入代表不同组 Pioneers 贡献的 B 的倍数，以获得该 24 小时窗口内整个网络的 sum_of_B_multiples，以及
• 进一步将 day_supply 除以 sum_of_B_multiples 和 24 小时以获得该特定挖矿会话的 B。

因此，对于一年中的某一天，
B = day_supply / (sum_of_B_multiples 24h)

在这个框架下，一年中不同日子的 B 会有所不同，这取决于过去 24 小时内开采的先锋数量以及他们通过运行节点、使用实用程序应用程序或锁定等。该模型还解决了公式中包含 X (B)——先驱者的未来贡献奖励类型——的任何不确定性。无论 X 是多少，它都将保持在相同的年度供应限制内，而不会增加总供应量，并且只会影响不同类型贡献之间的奖励分配。这种动态机制允许先驱者自己以去中心化的方式确保（1）奖励不超过年度供应限制，（2）年度供应的分配不会提前结束，

为了说明起见，我们假设在给定的一天只有两个 Pioneer，B 是挖矿率（在本例中以 Pi/天表示）——在特定的 Pioneer 挖矿会话期间是一个常数，但在不同的日子里动态调整：

先锋 1 没有应用程序参与 (A = 0)，没有运行节点 (N = 0)，没有安全连接 (S = 0)，并且没有活跃的推荐团队成员 (E = 0)。他们正在进行第 11 次挖矿（N = 10），并将 100% 的开采 Pi（Lp = 1）锁定 3 年（Lt = 2）。先锋1在这一天的挖矿速度为：

• M1 = I (B, L, S) + 0 + 0 + 0，或
• M1 = B + {2 1 log (10)} B + 0，或
• M1 = 3B

Pioneer 2 没有应用程序参与 (A = 0)，没有运行节点 (N = 0)，没有锁定 (L = 0)，并且没有活跃的推荐团队成员 (E = 0)。他们有一个完整的安全圈。先锋2当天的挖矿速度为：

• M2 = I (B, L, S) + 0 + 0 + 0，或
• M2 = B + 0 + {0.2 min (Sc, 5) B}，或
• M2 = B + {0.2 5 B}，或
• M2 = 2B

此处，当天全网挖出的总Pi = M1 + M2 = 5B 假设一年还有500 Pi 和50 天。
因此，当天可开采的总 Pi = 500 Pi / 50 天 = 10 Pi / 天

根据上面的两个方程求解 B，

• 5B = 10 Pi B = 2 Pi/天（或 0.083 Pi/小时）

因此，先驱者 1 和先驱者 2 的实际采矿率如下：

• M1 = 3 2 Pi/天 = 6 Pi/天（或 0.25 Pi/小时）
• M2 = 2 2 Pi/天 = 4 Pi/天（或 0.17 Pi/小时）

先锋基地挖矿率

相比之下，主网前挖矿公式中的个人先锋基础挖矿率仅包括全系统基础挖矿率和安全圈奖励。在主网上，个人先锋基础挖矿率I增加了一个新的组件锁仓奖励。锁仓奖励L与全系统基础挖矿率B和安全圈奖励S一起构成了个人先锋基础挖矿率I。 I 被用作计算所有其他奖励的输入，因此，安全圈和锁定奖励通过以下方式提高了 Pioneer 的总挖矿率：（1）通过直接添加到单个 Pioneer 基础挖矿率和（2）通过提升任何推荐团队奖励 E、节点奖励 N 和应用程序使用奖励 A。

锁仓奖励

在主网，锁定奖励旨在支持健康顺畅的生态系统并激励与网络的长期参与，同时网络正在引导经济并创造需求。调节市场中的循环供应是一种重要的分散宏观经济机制，尤其是在公开市场的早期，当时公用事业正在创建。Pi Network 的一个重要目标是创建一个基于实用程序的应用程序生态系统。生态系统中真实商品和服务的交易，而不仅仅是投机交易，旨在确定 Pi 的效用。当我们启动主网的封闭网络阶段时，主要关注领域之一将是支持和发展Pi 应用程序开发者社区并培育更多的 Pi 应用程序来发展。同时，

锁仓奖励公式转载于此：

L (B) = Lt Lp log (N) B，其中
Lt 是B的 锁定时间乘数 。

• 0 → Lt = 0
• 2 周 → Lt = 0.1
• 6 个月 → Lt = 0.5
• 1 年 → Lt = 1
• 3 年 → Lt = 2

Lp为  B的Lockup Percentage乘数，其中
Lockup Percentage为之前挖矿奖励（Lb）转入的主网余额的锁仓量，Lockup  Percentage乘数 如下。

• 0% → Lp = 0
• 25% → Lp = 0.25
• 50% → Lp = 0.5
• 90% → Lp = 0.9
• 100% → Lp = 1.0
• 150% → Lp = 1.5
• 200% → Lp = 2

log (N) 是之前挖矿总次数 (N) 的对数值，先驱者将有机会自愿锁定自己的 Pi 以获得更高的挖矿权。首先，锁仓奖励的前提是先锋必须积极挖矿。首先不挖矿，即使Pi被锁定，任何不活跃的挖矿会话也不会获得锁定奖励。如上式所示，锁定所做的只是为B提供乘数，因此不会有如果 B 为 0（这意味着先驱者没有挖矿），则锁定奖励。

其次，锁仓奖励与对锁仓的贡献呈正相关，即锁仓时间（Lt）和锁仓量。但锁仓量是占先行者开采总Pi（Lp）的百分比）。Pioneer 可以锁定的最大 Pi 是他们在移动应用程序中从他们之前的挖矿转移的主网余额的两倍（Lb），即 200% Lb。 一个人转移的主网的最大锁定量是 2 倍的原因平衡 (Lb) 是为了 1) 防止对锁定奖励的利用和 2) 进一步鼓励对 Pi 生态系统的其他贡献，例如进一步促进他们的挖掘、运行节点和使用应用程序。从某种意义上说，这有利于挖掘并为网络做出其他类型贡献的先驱者。

第三，Log (N) 为挖矿历史较长且可能有大量可转移余额的 Pioneers 提供更高的锁定激励。余额 (Lp) - 允许挖矿历史较短的小账户锁定少量金额，同时获得与大账户相同的锁定奖励乘数 - 我们需要添加一个 Log (N) 因子来说明挖矿历史较长的矿工为了抵消偏向于小余额的先锋的偏见，并为拥有较大余额的历史悠久的先锋提供足够的激励。但是，挖矿历史对锁定奖励的影响也需要限制。因此，该公式对之前的挖矿会话数 N 应用对数。例如，如果 Pioneer 在过去 3 年中几乎每天都在挖矿，那么他们之前的总挖矿会话数 (N) 将约为 1,000。在这种情况下，Log (1,000) 等于 3，在他们的锁定奖励中为 B 添加另一个乘数。请记住，要为长期挖矿历史的先驱者获得有意义的锁定奖励，他们必须锁定的 Pi 数量远多于较小的账户。

第四，一名先驱者可以自愿在不同时间进行多次不同数量和持续时间的锁定。计算这个Pioneer在不同锁仓次数下的总锁仓奖励就是找到B的总锁仓奖励乘数，如下公式所示。下面的公式等价于上面的锁仓奖励公式，唯一不同的是，它考虑了同一个Pioneer的多次锁仓来计算它们的总锁仓奖励，例如不同的持续时间（Lti）和不同的锁仓量（Lci）在不同的时间：

此公式的目的是根据每个锁定的金额 (Lc) 与之前挖矿的总主网余额 (Lb) 的权重，乘以各自的锁定时间段 (Lt) 和 Log (n) 来计算总锁定奖励）。这样，即使同一个先锋有多个锁仓，更多不同设置的锁仓将按比例增加其总锁仓奖励。Lt、Lc和log(N)的值针对每个锁定i计算并相乘，然后在各个i之间求和，然后除以给定挖矿会话的Lb值，得出值L ( B) 对于那个挖矿会话。该公式确保无论 Lb 是多少，只要 Pioneer 保持其锁定金额与其 Lb 的相同百分比，总锁定奖励乘数将保持不变。

最后，先锋什么时候可以锁定Pi？Pioneers 可以在 Pi 应用程序中作为整体帐户设置随时决定他们的锁定持续时间和可转移余额的锁定百分比。他们甚至可以在他们进行 KYC 或准备迁移到主网之前预先选择这些设置。随着他们和他们的推荐团队/安全圈通过 KYC，他们的更多移动余额将变得可转让。在他们的可转移余额迁移到主网的那一刻，他们预先选择的锁定时间和百分比设置将自动应用于转移的余额数量，从而导致主网上的两种类型的余额：锁定余额和自由余额，两者都是将记录在主网区块链上并驻留在 Pioneer 的非托管 Pi 钱包中。因此，由于区块链的性质，锁定一经确认就无法撤销，并且必须在所选的整个持续时间内保持锁定状态。对此先锋的锁定设置的任何更改都将在他们下次将余额转移到主网时生效。

这种帐户范围的锁定设置允许先锋锁定最多 100% 的可转移余额从移动设备到主网。主网上线后，Pioneers 转移余额后，Pioneers 也可以稍后通过稍微不同的锁定界面直接在主网上锁定更多的 Pi。届时，先锋可以锁定多达 200% 的已转移主网余额，这些余额是从他们之前的挖矿中获得的。比 Pioneer 单独开采的更多 Pi 的额外锁定津贴可以来自基于实用程序的 Pi 应用程序交易，即通过销售商品和服务制造 Pi。

应用使用奖励

Pi Network 的首要目标是通过我们的应用程序生态系统建立由 Pi 加密货币推动的包容性点对点经济和在线体验。因此，先锋通过 Pi 浏览器在 Pi 应用平台上使用 Pi 应用将获得额外的挖矿奖励，包括 Pi 目录中的生态应用和第三方应用。Pioneers 的应用程序使用奖励以两种方式帮助生态系统。

首先，它将为 Pi 应用程序开发人员提供市场准入并增加对其应用程序的印象。Pi 应用程序开发人员将从 Pioneers 获得使用和产品迭代机会，这是在区块链行业中创建可行的去中心化应用程序的最大障碍之一。去中心化应用程序 (dApp) 开发人员还没有充足、稳定和寻求实用程序的消费者市场环境来测试和磨练他们的消费者产品以创建消费者实用程序。Pi Network 的应用程序平台和应用程序使用奖励旨在为 dApp 开发人员提供该环境。

其次，印象和使用量的增加可能会导致 Pioneers 在 Pi 应用程序中的 Pi 支出增加，从而增加市场上基于实用程序的 Pi 需求。尽管通过应用程序使用奖励来激励印象，但 Pi 的支出不是。这意味着 Pi 应用程序对 Pioneers 的使用奖励在 Pioneers 就在他们门口的范围内帮助 Pi 应用程序开发人员。现在决定 Pioneers 是否真的会在他们的应用程序中留下并花费 Pi 的是他们的产品的有用性和吸引力，以及应用程序可以为 Pioneers 提供什么价值。该框架确保，为了创造 Pi 需求，有机市场力量正在发挥作用，允许应用程序在产品质量和实用性的基础上进行竞争，

通过以上两种机制，应用使用奖励旨在实现访问 Pi 应用的先驱者从外在激励逐步过渡到内在动机，从而从激励到有机使用 Pi 应用的过渡，以最终引导一个基于效用的生态系统使用 Pi 的应用程序。

应用使用奖励公式转载于此：

A（I）* =
日志[Σ_across_apps{日志（time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds）}]日志[日志（0.8 + 0.6 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_30_days avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_90_days avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_180_days + 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.1 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_1_year avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_2_year）]我

time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds 是对于每个 Pi 应用程序，先锋在前一天使用该应用程序所花费的总时间（以秒为单位）。
Σ_across_apps 汇总了所有 Pi 应用程序中 Pioneer 的 time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds 的对数值。
avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_ * 是先锋在最后 * 时间段内在所有 Pi 应用程序中花费的平均每日时间（以秒为单位）。

* 请注意，当任何对数函数返回未定义的值或低于 0 的值时（即当对数函数的输入低于 1 时），公式会将对数函数的值重置为 0，以便避免负面的挖矿奖励或函数中的错误。

通常，应用使用奖励公式考虑两个因素：在应用上花费的时间和使用的应用数量，同时记入应用的长期使用历史并限制奖励以避免被剥削。公式有两个主要部分。第一部分汇总了先锋在最后一个挖矿会话（即前一天）中在每个应用程序上花费的时间。对数函数提供了一个收益递减的正函数，这意味着在任何一个应用程序上花费的时间增加通常会增加奖励，但花费时间在奖励上的积极影响会随着花费的时间增加而减少。这种设置鼓励 Pioneers 通常将更多时间花在多个不同的应用程序上，帮助网络引导创建各种实用程序。同时

应用程序使用奖励公式的第二部分着眼于先锋在不同时间段内所有应用程序花费的每日时间的滚动平均值。时间段越往后，它的权重就越小。换句话说，Pioneer 使用 Pi 应用程序的时间越长，他们开采的 Pi 越多，但他们最近在应用程序上花费的时间比他们过去花费的时间更多地用于挖掘。此外，事实上，应用程序使用历史仅在先锋在其上次挖矿会话期间也使用过Pi应用程序时才对当前挖矿奖励生效。这意味着仅对过去的使用没有被动奖励。再一次，对数函数的使用有助于缓和来自应用程序使用的挖掘提升，以避免利用应用程序使用奖励。

节点奖励

像任何区块链一样，节点是 Pi 去中心化的核心。在 Pi 中，我们决定将节点开放给任何一台计算机连接到互联网的 Pioneer，而不是依赖于中心化的机构节点。借助从移动应用程序的各个 Pioneer 安全圈聚合的全局信任图，这些节点将运行共识算法来验证交易和处理块。由于节点对 Pi 区块链的去中心化、安全性和寿命至关重要，因此节点操作的先驱者将获得额外的挖矿奖励。

节点奖励公式转载于此：

• N（I）= node_factor tuning_factor I，其中
  Node_factor = Percent_uptime_last_1_days（Uptime_factor + + Port_open_factor CPU_factor），其中
  Uptime_factor =（Percent_uptime_last_90_days + 1.5 * Percent_uptime_last_360_days（360-90）+ 2 * + 3 * Percent_uptime_last_2_years Percent_uptime_last_10_years）
  Port_open_factor = 1 + percent_ports_open_last_90_days + 1.5 *
  percent_ports_open_last_360_days + 2 * percent_ports_open_last_2_years + 3 * percent_ports_open_last_10_years , CPU_factor = (1 + avg_CPU_count_last_90_days + 1.5 * *avg_CPU_count_last_360_days + 1.5 * avg_CPU_count_last_3620
  Percent_uptime_last _ * _ days/years 是最后一个时间段的百分比，当单个节点处于活动状态并且可以被网络访问时。
  percent_ports_open_last _ * _ 天/年是单个节点的端口打开以连接到网络的最后 * 时间段的百分比。
  avg_CPU_count_last _ * _ days/years 是单个节点在最后 * 时间段内提供给网络的平均 CPU。Tuning_factor 是一个统计因子，它将 node_factor 归一化为 0 到 10 之间的数字。

节点奖励取决于正常运行时间因素、端口开放因素、CPU 因素和调优因素。给定时间段内节点的正常运行时间系数是该节点在该时间段内处于活动状态的时间比例。例如，昨天 25% 的正常运行时间系数意味着该节点昨天在 24 小时内总共有 6 小时处于活动状态且可访问。Pi Node 软件会跟踪特定节点的活动时间。从开放网络阶段开始，只有在给定时间点正常运行的节点才被认为是活动的。这是节点可靠性的代理。但是，对于与挖矿奖励相关的历史数据，如果节点应用程序打开并连接到互联网，即使它没有正常运行，也可以认为节点处于活动状态。

给定时间段内节点的端口开放系数是在该时间段内检测到该节点的特定端口可从 Internet 访问的时间比例。Pi 节点使用端口 31400 到 31409，使其他节点可以通过这些端口和网络 IP 地址访问它们。开放端口节点能够响应其他节点发起的通信，而封闭端口节点无法接收其他节点的此类通信，只能发起通信。Pi 的共识协议依赖于节点之间发送一系列消息。因此，开放端口节点对 Pi 区块链的运行至关重要，因此值得挖矿奖励提升。事实上，网络的目标是至少有 1 / 8 的节点具有开放端口，而拥有开放端口是成为超级节点的先决条件之一。

给定时间段内节点的 CPU 系数是该时间段内计算机上可用的 CPU 内核/线程的平均数。更高的 CPU 系数使区块链为未来的可扩展性做好准备，例如，每个块处理更多事务或每秒更多事务的能力。Pi 区块链不是能源和资源密集型区块链。该网络最初设置为大约每 5 秒在一个新区块上运行，最多 1,000 个交易 (T)。因此，该网络能够有效地处理每秒约 200 笔交易 (TPS) 或约 1700 万吨/天。如果未来区块链出现拥塞，可以通过将每个区块的交易量从 1000 次增加到 10,000 次，将此限制增加到 2,000 TPS（约 170M T/天）。Pi 节点贡献的 CPU 越高，网络在未来发展和扩展的空间越大。此外，来自 Pi 节点的更高集体 CPU 将允许在 Pi Network 上构建新颖的基于点对点节点的应用程序，例如分散的 CPU 共享应用程序，让计算能力密集的应用程序运行或提供分布式云服务。这些服务将通过这些服务的客户支付的额外 Pi 进一步奖励贡献节点。

最后，一个调整因子将节点奖励归一化为 0 到 10 之间的数字。这意味着使节点奖励与其他类型的挖矿奖励相媲美，这些奖励承认对 Pi 网络的其他贡献。在封闭式主网阶段（如路线图部分所述），节点奖励公式预计会迭代。例如，对数或根函数的使用可能潜在地消除对调整因子的需要。

让可靠的节点在很长一段时间内以可预测的方式运行对于区块链的健康至关重要。这不是一个完成的贡献。因此，正常运行时间因子、端口开放因子和 CPU 因子都是在不同的时间段内计算的，其中最近时间段的值比更远过去的相同长度的时间段权重更大。但是请注意，节点奖励是前一个挖矿会话的正常运行时间因子的倍数。因此，如果先驱者的节点在前一个日历日的整个时间内都处于非活动状态，则他们将不会在给定的挖矿会话中获得任何节点奖励。与应用程序使用奖励类似，作为节点运营商的过去贡献没有被动奖励。

KYC对主网奖励的影响

先驱者将有六个月的滚动宽限期来完成 KYC。此后，Pioneer 将失去在滚动 6 个月窗口之外开采的所有 Pi，并且无法将丢失的 Pi 转移到主网。在 6 个月的窗口中保留开采的 Pi 会无限期地持续下去，直到他们通过 KYC 或 KYC 政策发生变化。请注意，此 KYC 窗口挖掘框架只会在未来所有符合条件的先驱者普遍使用 KYC 解决方案时才会开始，并会提前向社区公布。当我们启动主网时，六个月的限制不会立即生效。

由于在我们基于社交网络的挖矿中真正人性化的重要性，只有通过 KYC 的先驱才能将他们的手机余额转移到区块链。我们的目标是让尽可能多的真正先锋通过 KYC。如下文进一步解释，滚动六个月窗口有以下重要目的：

• 在给先驱者足够的时间通过 KYC 和创造足够的紧迫性来通过 KYC 之间取得平衡，
• 防止超过六个月的 KYC 宽限期后未经验证的 Pi 迁移到主网，而是在 Pioneer 采矿分配的 Pi 总供应限制内将其释放给其他 KYC 的 Pioneers 进行采矿，以及
• 限制 KYC 垃圾邮件和滥用（请参阅下面的 30 天延迟 KYCing 新成员）

如果先锋没有及时通过 KYC，它会延迟主网转移他们的余额以及在他们的安全圈和推荐团队中拥有他们的其他先锋的余额。如果主网上没有余额，先驱者将无法在 Pi 应用程序中使用支付，从而破坏我们基于实用程序的生态系统的增长。六个月的窗口期为 Pioneers 创造了一种紧迫感，同时让他们有足够的时间取回他们开采的 Pi。KYC 验证过程通常会根据 Pi 的机器自动化预测机制考虑到 Pioneers 成为真人的可能性。最近三年。新创建的帐户将无法立即申请 KYC 验证，直到 30 天后。

最后，延迟 KYC 验证超过六个月的先驱者丢失的 Pi 将不会转移到主网，并且不会在超过六个月的滚动 KYC 宽限期后计算全系统基础挖矿率（B）。因此，先驱者需要及时认领他们的 Pi，否则他们丢失的 Pi 将在同一年由其他经过验证的能够为网络做出全部贡献的先驱者重新分配给 B 进行挖矿。
路线图
Pi Network 在我们的技术和生态系统设计以及我们社区投入在开发中的重要性方面是独一无二的。这种独特性最好通过深思熟虑的迭代方法来实现，该方法允许社区反馈、产品、功能和用户体验的测试，以及由里程碑定义的阶段。我们的开发分为三个主要阶段：(1) 测试版，(2) 测试网，和 (3) 主网。

第一阶段：测试版

2018 年 12 月，我们在 iOS App Store 上公开发布了我们的移动应用程序，作为初始 Pioneers 的 alpha 原型。在 2019 年 3 月 14 日的 Pi 日，原始 Pi 白皮书发布，标志着 Pi Network 正式启动。在这个阶段，我们的应用程序允许 Pioneers 通过为未来 Pi 区块链的增长和安全做出贡献来挖掘 Pi。由于最终目标是启动主网并围绕 Pi 平台建立一个生态系统，在中心化 Pi 服务器上运行的 Pi 应用程序使手机用户（先驱者）能够贡献他们的安全圈，这些圈子总体上构建了所​​需的信任图Pi 区块链的共识算法，作为回报，先驱者获得了挖矿奖励。此外，中心化阶段使网络得以发展，社区得以形成，以及可访问和广泛分发的 Pi 令牌。这一阶段还通过在整个开发过程中利用社区投入来迭代许多技术特性和先驱经验。

在 Beta 阶段取得了以下主要成就：

• Pi Network 移动应用程序已列出并可通过 iOS App Store 和 Google Playstore 访问。
• Pi Network 从 0 增长到超过 350 万参与的先驱。
• Pi Network 社区通过应用程序主屏幕交互和聊天应用程序积极参与该项目。
• Pi Network 覆盖全球 233 个国家和地区。

阶段 2：测试网

该阶段于 2020 年 3 月 14 日开始，标志着向去中心化区块链过渡的另一项重要准备——一个具有来自世界各地的分布式节点的实时测试网络。Pi Network 的 Node 软件使个人计算机能够支持使用 Test-Pi 币运行 Pi 测试网。Test-Pi 仅用于测试目的，与 Pi 应用程序上的 Pioneers 帐户余额无关。Pi 测试网已达到 10,000 多个功能齐全的社区节点和 100,000 多个每日活跃节点在等待名单上，正如解释的那样在后面的部分中，将在主网阶段继续存在以用于测试目的。

Pi Testnet 允许测试区块链的连接性、性能、安全性和可扩展性，并允许 Pi 应用程序开发人员在将他们的应用程序部署到主网上之前开发 Pi 应用程序。在测试网阶段，采用了 3 个主要策略：（1）通过测试网节点去中心化，（2）通过用于移动挖矿的主要 Pi 应用程序增长，以及（3）通过 Pi 浏览器上的 Pi 应用程序平台创建实用程序。测试网与第一阶段的 Pi 移动挖矿应用程序并行运行，并使分散的社区节点能够上线并为主网做好准备。具体来说，测试网节点有助于评估区块链的性能、安全性和可扩展性。它还帮助 Pi App 开发人员针对 Pi 区块链测试他们的应用程序。同时 Pi 移动采矿应用程序继续为数百万 Pioneers 提供服务，建立社区并为区块链的安全做出贡献。Pi 浏览器以及 Pi SDK 使社区能够创建实用程序并开发 Pi 生态系统。

在测试网阶段取得了以下主要成就：

• 发布了许多版本的节点软件。
• Pi 平台与我们生态系统基础设施的关键要素一起发布：钱包、浏览器、头脑风暴和开发者工具。
• 在 Pi 浏览器上引入了 KYC 应用程序的试点版本。
• 该项目举办了有史以来第一次全球在线 Hackathon，有来自 Pioneer 社区的数千名参与者。
• Pi Network 已经发展到超过 3000 万参与的先驱，从 0 到超过 10,000 个功能齐全的社区节点和超过 100,000 个在等待名单上的每日活跃节点。
• Pi Network 几乎覆盖了全球所有国家和地区。

第三阶段：主网

2021 年 12 月，Pi 区块链的主网将上线。在此期间，先锋余额从他们的电话帐户迁移到主网。Pioneer 的 KYC 身份验证先于其余额迁移到主网。为了让数百万先锋有足够的时间成功完成他们的 KYC 验证，在 Pi 生态系统中创建实用程序，并继续迭代我们的技术和生态系统设计，主网将有两个时期：

1. 首先，防火墙主网（即封闭网络），
2. 然后，打开主网（即开放网络）。

封闭网络时期

这一时期将从 2021 年 12 月开始。封闭网络时期意味着主网是活跃的，但有一个防火墙来防止任何不需要的外部连接。先驱者将能够花时间了解 KYC 并将他们的 Pi 迁移到实时主网区块链。任何迁移到主网上的余额都可以由 Pioneer 选择用于在 Pi 应用程序中购买商品和服务、转移到其他 Pioneer 或锁定一段时间以获得更高的挖矿率。KYC'ed Pioneers 将能够在 Pi Network 内的封闭环境中在主网上自由使用他们的 Pi。但是，此期间不允许 Pi 区块链和其他区块链之间连接。

主网二期方法的优势

有一个中间封闭期来加速到完全开放的主网有很多优势。这种方法允许有时间：

• 全球数百万先锋通过KYC，
• 构建和部署更多 Pi 应用程序，并允许创建和使用更多实用程序，
• 将部署在测试网上的 Pi 应用程序转换到主网上，以及
• 在开放网络之前迭代对主网和生态系统的任何修改和调整。

封闭网络时期允许数百万先驱者有时间进行 KYC 并将他们的 Pi 迁移到主网。只有一小部分先驱者能够在主网启动前后完成他们的 KYC。在接下来的几个月里，我们将继续向更多先锋推出 KYC 解决方案，并帮助他们完成 KYC。如果我们直接从测试网转移到开放网络，这意味着能够在其他人之前进行 KYC 的先驱者可以在 Pi 平台之外使用 Pi，而仍在等待完成他们的 KYC 的先驱者还没有这个特权。世界各地的先驱者完成 KYC 的速度将取决于每个当地社区提供 KYC 验证者群体劳动力的速度以及个体先驱者参与 KYC 的速度。

封闭网络期为数百万先驱者提供了完成他们的 KYC 并将他们的 Pi 转移到主网的时间。这样，所有愿意并能够在合理的时间内完成 KYC 的先驱者都可以立即在 Pi 平台之外使用他们的 Pi。鉴于在封闭网络期间不允许 Pi 区块链与其他区块链或系统之间的外部连接，这进一步帮助 Pioneers 专注于过渡到主网，而不受 Pi 区块链外部的任何影响。

这一时期还将帮助社区专注于创建公用事业和引导生态系统，而不会受到任何外部干扰。与 Pi 网络实现基于实用程序的生态系统的愿景一致，这允许应用程序部署在主网上并为 Pioneers 创建实用程序。Pi 应用程序将能够从 Testnet 切换到 Mainnet — 切换到实际 Pi 交易的生产模式。此时，KYC'ed Pioneers 将能够将他们的 Pi 用于 Pi 应用程序，促进实用程序的创建并在开放网络之前引导 Pi 生态系统。这种渐进的、有意识的开放网络将帮助应用程序以及 Pi Network 发现和解决市场和技术中的任何故障。因此，封闭网络时期符合 Pi 的基于效用的生态系统的愿景及其迭代哲学。

此外，封闭网络将允许主网运行生产数据和真实的 Pi，这与测试网不同。在封闭网络期间收集的数据将有助于校准和调整任何配置和公式，如有必要，以确保稳定和成功的开放网络。

KYC验证和主网余额转移

“了解您的客户/客户”（KYC）是一个验证身份以区分真实账户和虚假账户的过程。Pi Network 的愿景是为所有先驱者建立一个包容性和分布最广泛的代币和生态系统。Pi Network 的挖矿机制是基于社交网络的，当社交网络规模增长到超过 1K、10K、100K、1M 和 10M 参与成员时，挖矿率已经减半了 5 倍。因此，Pi 有一个严格的政策，每人一个帐户。这需要高度的准确性来确定网络中的成员是真正的人，以防止个人通过创建虚假账户来不公平地囤积 Pi。Pioneers 的 KYC 结果不仅取决于身份验证，还取决于他们的姓名与 Pi 帐户的匹配以及对政府制裁名单的筛选。了解您的客户

正如网络成立时所传达的那样，为确保真正的人性化，严禁伪造 Pi 帐户和脚本挖掘。这些帐户将被禁用，并且无法迁移到主网。在过去三年中，已经实施了多种技术机制来识别机器人和虚假账户。对于被 Pi 的算法识别为极有可能是假的帐户，权重在这些帐户上以证明并非如此。这些被识别的虚假账户要么被禁用，要么经过更严格的审查和上诉程序。对于很有可能成为真正的人类持有者的账户，KYC 插槽的分配将被优先考虑。

只有经过身份验证的账户才被允许转移到主网，并且只有属于身份验证账户的 Pi 余额才被允许转移到主网余额。当 Pioneer 及其推荐团队和安全圈成员通过 KYC 时，将确定 Pioneer 是否以及何时以及在多大程度上可以转移其余额。下面是一个假设示例，用于说明先锋的 KYC 验证如何影响他们迁移到主网的余额。

为简单起见，我们将 Pi 余额的不同概念定义如下：

• 移动余额：Pi 移动应用程序中 Pioneer 帐户中当前显示的 Pi 余额
• 可转让余额：由于先锋和他们在推荐团队和安全圈中的特定关联个人已经通过了KYC而被允许转移到主网的余额
• 主网余额：Pioneer已经迁移并转移到主网的余额

假设个人 A 是想要转移其移动余额的 Pi 帐户的所有者。先锋 A 只有在其身份得到验证后，即通过 KYC 时，才被允许将任何移动余额转移到主网上。假设此人在其推荐团队中有个人 B、C、D 和 E，在其安全圈中有个人 D、E、F 和 G。到目前为止，只有 A、B、D 和 F 个人完成了他们的 KYC 验证。

在此示例设置中：

• A是通过KYC的挖矿先锋。
• B、C、D、E 在 A 的推荐团队中。
• D、E、F、G 在 A 的安全圈内。
• A、B、D 和 F 已通过 KYC。

这里，A 的可转让余额是以下三个部分的总和：

• 先锋奖励：根据 A 在所有挖矿会话中的先锋状态开采的 Pi
• 贡献者奖励：D和F作为贡献者在所有挖矿环节对A的挖矿率的贡献
• 大使奖励：当 B 和 D 作为推荐团队成员在与 A 开采的同一时段进行开采时，所有开采时段的开采奖金

随着越来越多的先锋 A 的推荐团队和安全圈成员（即 C、E 和 G）通过 KYC，A 的移动余额的更多部分将成为可转让余额——准备好让 A 迁移到主网，并最终成为 A 的主网余额.

在封闭主网期间，任何尚未成为可转让余额的移动余额将保留在移动采矿应用程序中，直到推荐团队和安全圈中的相关先锋通过 KYC 并且相应的金额可转移到主网。在上述先锋A的例子中，C、E和G贡献的余额将作为A在挖矿应用中的移动余额，等待他们通过KYC，以便该余额可转移。如果此类关联账户从未通过 KYC，则归属于这些非 KYC 账户的余额将在某个日期到期，这将为整个网络提供足够的时间进行 KYC。由于缺乏KYC而无人认领的余额将被完全不转移到主网而被丢弃，

封闭网络中的限制

虽然 Pi 应用程序和 Pioneers 之间的交易以及 Pi 网络内允许 Pioneer 到 Pioneer 交易，但封闭网络将实施以下限制。此阶段的这些限制有助于加强网络的封闭性：

• Pi 与其他区块链或加密货币交易所之间将没有连接。
• Mainnet 只能通过 Pi 浏览器上的 Pi 钱包和 Pi 应用程序访问。
• 互联网上的任何计算机都可以访问主网区块链，但只能通过防火墙来执行上述规则。
• 主网上将只有核心团队节点，以确保防火墙始终到位。

封闭网络将支持 Pi 生态系统的经济活动和增长。因此，通过 Pi 钱包可以进行 Pioneer 对 Pioneer 交易，因为 KYC'ed Pioneers 将能够使用 Pi 钱包在 Pi 中进行交易。Pioneers 还可以在 Pi 浏览器上的 Pi 应用程序中花费 Pi，该浏览器可以访问主网通过 Pi Apps SDK 和 Pi Blockchain API。在封闭网络期间，Pi 浏览器上的应用程序只能使用防火墙列入白名单的 Pi 区块链 API 与主网交互。

以下使用 Pioneer-to-Pioneer、Pioneer-to-App 和 App-to-Pioneer 交易将被允许：

• 通过 Pi Apps 用 Pi 交换商品和服务
• Pioneers 之间的商品和服务转移

以下用途将被禁止：

• Pi 兑换法定货币
• 用 Pi 交换其他加密货币
• 为 Pi 转移未来的法定货币或其他加密货币的承诺

我们将通过向主网添加防火墙并在此过渡期内专门运行主网节点来强制执行上述限制。在封闭网络期间，社区节点将继续在测试网上运行。我们将继续对节点进行接口和其他更改，为社区节点能够在主网上运行的开放网络时期做准备。网络对其封闭的限制将随着它进入下一个时期——开放网络而放宽。

开放网络时代

根据封闭网络经济的成熟度和 KYC 的进展情况，这一时期可能从 Pi 日（2022 年 3 月 14 日）、Pi2 日（2022 年 6 月 28 日）或更晚开始。开放网络时期意味着封闭网络时期的防火墙将被移除，允许任何外部连接，例如连接到其他网络、钱包和任何想要连接到 Pi 主网的人。API 调用不会被防火墙限制，先锋将能够运行他们自己的 Pi 节点和 API 服务。先锋将与其他区块链连接。社区节点也可以运行主网。

Mainnet Launch

Pi Mainnet is now live, initiating the Enclosed Network period of Mainnet phase where the Mainnet blockchain is firewalled to prohibit external connectivity but allows peer-to-peer and peer-to-app transfers within the enclosed network. Mainnet can be viewed in the Pi Blockexplorer. Pi wallet can now show both Testnet and Mainnet balances, although everyone’s balance on Mainnet is 0 right now. As more Pioneers pass KYC, they will be able to transfer their balance to the Mainnet. The KYC solution is coming soon to start verifying Pioneers’ identity and onboarding identity validators.

Note that Pi Network is NOT running an ICO or any type of crowdfunding sales of Pi. Thus, any party impersonating Pi Network or its founders to conduct a sale or listing is illegal and fake. Any sales of Pi towards Pioneers are unauthorized and have no affiliation with the Pi Core Team. Pioneers should beware of any scams and not participate. Pi can be mined freely by contributing to the ecosystem through our mobile app. Further, any mined Pi can only be claimed from inside the official Pi App through the Mainnet dashboard and then transferred into your Pi wallet. Any website asking Pioneers to claim Pi by other means is fake.

Below is the new draft of the Pi supply and mining sections of our whitepaper. Mining will continue in the Mainnet phase but with a mining rate dynamically adjusted within limited supply. For more details, read the new whitepaper sections that review how supply and mining worked before Mainnet and describe how and why they will change at Mainnet. We will also keep the previously released Roadmap chapter at the bottom for reference. Your feedback is welcome before we update the official whitepaper on our website when Open Network begins.

Today we are also releasing a preview of the new mining interface for you to view the new simulated Mainnet mining mechanism in a hypothetical setting and to help you calibrate your lockup setting. The new mining mechanism will not yet go into effect until more people pass KYC and migrate to the Mainnet. Before that, all Pioneers can continue mining on the pre-Mainnet mechanism just like before. Once the simulations and calibrations are done and enough Pioneers have migrated into Mainnet, the new Mainnet mining mechanism will take effect and be announced on the home screen.
Token Model and Mining
A well thought-out, sound token design is critical to the success of a cryptocurrency network. It has the potential to create incentives to bootstrap network formation and growth, build a utilities-driven ecosystem, and thereby support the cryptocurrency underpinning such a system. What a network incentivizes says a lot about what a network needs—for example, network growth or fundamentals-driven utility creation, a mere store of value or a medium of exchange for the cryptonative ecosystem. This chapter covers the supply of Pi and how Pioneers can mine Pi in different phases of the network, and the underlying design rationale for different mining mechanisms including to build and grow the network and to incentivize utilities and demand. Note that Pi is a layer one cryptocurrency running on its own blockchain, which “token” here refers to.

Pi Supply

Pi Network’s vision is to build the world’s most inclusive peer-to-peer economy and online experience, fueled by Pi, the world’s most widely used cryptocurrency. To deliver on this vision, it is important to grow the network and make Pi widely accessible while maintaining the security of the blockchain and the scarcity of Pi. While these goals have always guided the token supply model and mining design, the key distinction is: the pre-Mainnet phases focused on driving network growth and widely distributing Pi and the Mainnet phase will focus on rewarding more diverse forms of Pioneer contributions while cementing the supply of Pi.

Pre-Mainnet Supply

In the early stages, the focus of Pi Network was on growing and securing the network. Bootstrapping to build a critical mass of participants is paramount to any network and ecosystem. Driven by the vision to make Pi the world’s most widely used cryptocurrency, distributing Pi and making it accessible globally further added to the focus on growth. Pi’s consensus algorithm relies on a global trust graph, which is aggregated from the Security Circles of individual Pioneers. It was, therefore, critical to incentivize Pioneers to form individual Security Circles. This meant a supply of tokens available as mining rewards that was not explicitly capped before Mainnet.

At the same time, maintaining a certain scarcity of Pi was important. As explained under the Mining section, the network adopted a mining mechanism where the network mining rate halves every time the network size increases by 10 times, resulting in a series of halving events when it reaches various milestones of engaged Pioneers. The next halving event based on this model would be when the network reaches 100 million engaged Pioneers. Currently, we are over 30 million engaged Pioneers. The network also retained an option to stop all mining altogether in the event that the network reached a certain size, which was, however, yet to be determined. The option to cap the supply of Pi was not exercised before Mainnet, therefore leaving the total supply undefined.

The pre-Mainnet supply model with a mining mechanism tailored to accessibility, growth and security has bootstrapped a community of over 30 million engaged Pioneers with millions of intertwined Security Circles. A simple, accessible means to mine Pi on a mobile phone helped distribute the tokens widely throughout the world, including among populations that have been left out of the crypto revolution because of a lack of capital, knowledge or technology. In doing so, the network avoided the extreme wealth concentration evident in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, preparing itself to become a true peer-to-peer decentralized ecosystem with a large enough volume of participants and transactions for utility creation.

Mainnet Supply

Supply fuels growth and incentivizes necessary contributions to the network to achieve an organically viable ecosystem. To that end, mining rewards will continue after Mainnet but will take diverse forms to incentivize different types of contributions, which will be explained in the Mining section below. In regard to supply, the undetermined supply due to the pre-Mainnet mining mechanism that optimizes for accessibility and growth of the network presents a few problems for the Mainnet phase, including unpredictability in planning, over-rewarding and under-rewarding different types of necessary contributions in the new phase, and challenges to scarcity. To address these issues, the network will shift from its pre-Mainnet supply model that is completely dependent on network behavior to the Mainnet supply model where there is a clear maximum supply.

The issue of unpredictability for planning in the pre-Mainnet supply model surfaced in Pi Network’s first COiNVENTION in September-October 2020 where the community panel and community submissions discussed whether mining should be halved or stopped at the network size of 10 million at the time. The diverse voices of community members presented the following dilemma for the network. If mining continued based on the ongoing (pre-Mainnet) mining mechanism, then it raised concerns for the supply due to uncertainty, and thus, the scarcity of Pi. However, if mining stopped, it would hurt the growth of the network and prevent new Pioneers joining the network as miners, thereby undermining the accessibility of Pi. Even though the network moved on from that decision and halved the mining rate at its 10 Million size, this dilemma still remains and needs to be resolved.

How the community can achieve continued growth and accessibility while addressing concerns about supply is one of the main factors considered in the design of the Mainnet token model. In addition, the undefined and unpredictable total supply makes it hard to have overall network token planning because the community as a collective and the ecosystem itself have needs to use some Pi for purposes that benefit the community and ecosystem as a whole, other than only mining rewards for individuals, as evidenced by almost every other blockchain network. Clear allocations for such collective community purposes need to be defined. Hence, given the current network size of over 30 million Pioneers and the expected volume of transactions and activities in the future, the Mainnet supply model has a clear maximum total supply of 100 billion Pi allowing incentivizations of continued growth and new contributions while removing the concerns about the unpredictability of the supply.

The supply distribution will honor the original distribution principle in the March 14, 2019 white paper—the Pi community has 80% and the Pi Core Team has 20% of the total circulating supply of Pi, regardless of how much circulating supply there is in the Pi Network at any given point in time. Thus, given a total max supply of 100 billion Pi, the community will eventually receive 80 billion Pi and the Core Team will eventually receive 20 billion Pi. The following pie chart depicts the overall distribution. The Core Team’s allocation gets unlocked at the same pace as the community progressively mines more and more Pi and may be subject to additional lockup through a self-imposed mandate. This means that if the community has a portion of its allocation in circulation (for example, 25%), only the proportional amount in Core Team’s allocation (in this example, 25%) can get unlocked at most.

This distribution above shows that Pi Network does not have any allocation for ICO and is NOT running any type of crowdfunding sales of Pi. Thus, any impersonation of Pi Network or its founders to conduct a sale or listing is illegal, unauthorized and fake. These impersonators have no affiliation with Pi Core Team. Pioneers should beware of any scams and not participate. Pi can be mined freely by contributing to the ecosystem. Further, all mined Pi can only be claimed from inside the Pi App through the Mainnet dashboard and then transferred into your Pi wallet. Any website asking Pioneers to claim Pi in other means is fake.

The 80% of the community supply is further divided into: 65% allocated for all past and future Pioneer mining rewards, at address GBQQRIQKS7XLMWTTRM2EPMTRLPUGQJDLEKCGNDIFGTBZG4GL5CHHJI25 on the Mainnet, 10% reserved for supporting community organization and ecosystem building that will eventually be managed by a Pi Foundation, a non-profit organization in the future, at address GDPDSLFVGEPX6FJKGZXSTJCPTSKKAI4KBHBAQCCKQDXISW3S5SJ6MGMS, and 5% reserved for the liquidity pool to provide liquidity for Pioneers and developers in the Pi ecosystem at address GB7HLN74IIY6PENSHHBBJJXWV6IZQDELTBZNXXORDGTL75O4KC5CUXEV. The following table depicts the community supply distribution:

Community Allocations	Pi Community Distribution (Out of Projected 80 Billion Pi Total)
Pre-mainnet Mining Rewards	20 billion Pi (approx.)
Mainnet Mining Rewards	45 billion Pi (approx.)
Liquidity Pool reserve	5 billion Pi (approx.)
Foundation reserve (Grants, Community events, etc.)	10 billion Pi (approx.)

65 Billion Pi will be allocated for all mining rewards—both past and future mining. For past mining rewards, the rough sum of all Pi mined by all Pioneers so far (before Mainnet) is about 30 Billion Pi. However, after discarding Pi mined by fake accounts and depending on the speed and participation of KYC, the pre-Mainnet mined Pi at the beginning of the Open Network can be estimated to range from 10 to 20 Billion. The remaining amount in the 65 billion Pi supply for mining rewards will be distributed to Pioneers through the new Mainnet mining mechanism with conceptual yearly supply limits.

Such yearly supply limits will be determined based on a declining formula. The yearly limit may be computed on a more granular basis such as by the day or by an even smaller time epoch dynamically, depending on factors such as the lockup ratio and the remaining supply of the network at the time. Such calculation of supply limits based on granular time epochs helps achieve a better and more smooth allocation curve through time. For the sake of simplicity here, let’s suppose that the time epoch is yearly. The declining formula would mean that the yearly supply limit for the first year of new Mainnet mining will be higher than for the second year, the second year’s higher than the third year’s, and so on. The yearly declining formula and these numbers will need to be finalized closer to the launch of the Open Network period of Mainnet once we will have seen how many Pioneers have KYC’ed and how much of their mined Pi they have transferred into Mainnet.

At Mainnet, Pioneers will be rewarded for their continued contributions to the growth and security of the network. As explained in the Mining section, Pioneer rewards will be further diversified because the network needs more diverse and in-depth contributions related to app usage, node operation, and Pi lockup. Pre-mainnet Pioneers will continue to contribute to Pi and mine from the Mainnet mining rewards, along with any new members joining the network, to ensure growth and longevity of the network.

10 Billion Pi will be reserved for community organization and ecosystem building that will be, in the future, managed by a non-profit foundation. Most decentralized networks or cryptocurrencies, even though they are decentralized, still need an organization to organize the community and set the future direction of the ecosystem, e.g., Ethereum and Stellar. The future Pi foundation will (1) organize and sponsor community events, such as developer conventions, global online events and local community meetings, (2) organize volunteers and committee members, and pay full-time employees who are dedicated to building the community and ecosystem, (3) gather opinions and feedback from the community, (4) organize future community votings, (5) build branding and protect the reputation of the network, (6) represent the network to interact with other business entities including governments, traditional banks, and traditional enterprises, or (7) fulfill any number of responsibilities for the betterness of the Pi community and ecosystem. Further, in order to build a utilities-based Pi ecosystem, various community developer programs will be designed, created and carried out by the foundation to support community developers in the forms of grants, incubations, partnerships, etc.

5 billion Pi will be reserved for liquidity pools to provide liquidity for any ecosystem participants, including Pioneers and Pi apps developers. Liquidity is key for an ecosystem to be viable, active, and healthy. If businesses or individuals want to participate in ecosystem activities (e.g., by selling and buying goods and services in Pi), they must have timely access to Pi. Without liquidity, the ecosystem will not have a healthy flow of Pi, hence harming the creation of utilities.

As discussed in the Roadmap chapter, one benefit of the Enclosed Network period of the Mainnet is to allow calibrations on the token model, if any, based on the early Mainnet results. Therefore, the token model is subject to tweaking before the Open Network period starts. Also, in the future, for the health of the network and ecosystem, the network may face questions such as whether there needs to be any inflation after the completion of the distribution of the 100 Billion Pi. The inflation may be necessary to further incentivize contributions through more mining rewards, make up for any loss of Pi from circulation due to accidents or death, provide for more liquidity, mitigate hoarding that inhibits usage and utility creation, etc. At that time, the foundation and its committees specialized in these matters will organize and guide the community to reach a conclusion on the matter in a decentralized way.

Mining Mechanism

Pi Network’s mining mechanism has been allowing Pioneers to contribute to the growth, distribution and security of the network and be rewarded in Pi meritocratically. The pre-Mainnet mining mechanism has helped the network achieve an impressive growth of over 30 million engaged members, a widely distributed currency and Testnet, and a trust graph of Security Circle aggregates that will feed the consensus algorithm of the Pi blockchain.

Looking ahead into the Mainnet phase, Pi Network needs further contributions, as well as more diverse types of contributions from all its members, to become a true economy while continuing its growth and inclusion. In the Mainnet phase, we want to further achieve decentralization, utilities, stability and longevity, in addition to growth, inclusion, and security. These goals can only be achieved if all Pioneers in the network work together. Hence, the new Pi mining mechanism is designed to achieve these goals by incentivizing all Pioneers to contribute diversely to the network based on the same meritocratic principle. Below, we first describe the pre-Mainnet mining formula, followed by the changes in the Mainnet formula.

Pre-Mainnet Formula

The pre-Mainnet mining formula demonstrates a meritocratic determination of a Pioneer’s hourly mining rate. Actively mining Pioneers received at least a minimum rate and were further rewarded for their contributions to security and growth of the network. The following formula determined the rate at which Pioneers mined Pi per hour:

M = I(B, S) + E(I), where

• M is the total Pioneer mining rate,
• I is the Individual Pioneer base mining rate,
• B is the systemwide base mining rate,
• S is the Security Circle reward, which is a component of the individual Pioneer base mining rate from valid Security Circle connections, and
• E is the Referral Team reward from active Referral Team members.

The systemwide base mining rate B started as 3.1415926 Pi/h and halved every time the network of Engaged Pioneers increased in size by a factor of 10x, starting at 1000 Pioneers. As listed below, there have been five halving events thus far:

Engaged Pioneers Milestone	Value of B (in Pi/hr, rounded to two decimals)	Value of I, with full Security Circle (in Pi/hr, rounded to two decimals*)
< 1,000	3.14	6.28
1,000	1.57	3.14
10,000	0.78	1.57
100,000	0.39	0.78
1,000,000	0.19	0.39
10,000,000	0.10	0.19

Here,

• I(B,S) = B + S(B)
• S(B) = 0.2 min(Sc,5) B, where
  Sc is the count of valid Security Circle connections.
• E(I) = Ec I(B,S) 0.25, where
  Ec is the count of active Referral Team members who mine concurrently.

The mining formula can also be written as a multiple of B:

• M = I(B,S) + E(I)
• M = [B + S(B)] + [Ec I(B,S) 0.25], or
• M = [B + {0.2 min(Sc,5) B}] + [Ec 0.25 {B + {0.2 min(Sc,5) B}}], or
• M = B [1 + {0.2 min(Sc,5)} + {Ec 0.25 {1 + 0.2 min(Sc,5)}}], or
• M = B [(1 + Ec 0.25) {1 + 0.2 min(Sc,5)}]

Pre-Mainnet Systemwide Base Mining Rate

Every active Pioneer received at least the system wide base mining rate (B). That is, if Sc = 0 and Ec = 0 in the mining formula above, then M = B. In any case, the total Pioneer mining rate was a multiple of the systemwide base mining rate. The value of B was pre-determined before the Mainnet, and as shown in the table above, it changed only five times. The max supply was undetermined due to the dynamic progress of the pre-Mainnet mining mechanism, e.g. how large the network is and how fast the network reaches the next halving event. It would only be determined when B dropped to 0. However, as explained in the next section, the value of B at Mainnet is calculated in real time, dynamically adjusting based on the total annual Pi supply and the total mining coefficient across all the Pioneers. The supply of Pi is finite at Mainnet.

Security Circle Reward

Pi’s consensus algorithm relies on a global trust graph, which is aggregated from the millions of intertwining Security Circles of individual Pioneers. Thus, a Pioneer was rewarded with additional Pi per hour for each new valid Security Circle connection, up to 5 such connections. The Security Circles are so central to the security of the Pi blockchain that the Security Circle reward raised the total Pioneer mining rate in two ways:

• by directly adding to the individual Pioneer base mining rate (I), and
• by boosting the Referral Team reward, if any.

In fact, a full Security Circle—that is, having at least five valid connections—doubled both the individual Pioneer base mining rate and the Referral Team reward.

Referral Team Reward

Pioneers can also invite others to join Pi Network and form their Referral Team. The inviter and invitee share an equal split of the Referral Team bonus rewards, that is a 25% boost to their respective individual Pioneer base mining rates, whenever both are mining concurrently. Pioneers mined more Pi per hour with each concurrently mining Referral Team member. This Referral Team reward recognized the Pioneers’ contribution to the growth of the network and the distribution of the Pi token.

Mainnet Mining Formula

The goals of the Mainnet phase are to make further progress in decentralization and utilities, ensure stability and longevity, and retain growth and security. The new formula, as written below, incentivizes more diverse contributions of Pioneers to support these Mainnet goals while retaining the incentives to secure and grow the network. As before, it is meritocratic and expressed as the rate at which Pioneers mine Pi per hour.

M = I(B,L,S) + E(I) + N(I) + A(I) + X(B), where

• M is the total Pioneer mining rate,
• I is the individual Pioneer base mining rate,
• B is the systemwide base mining rate (adjusted based on the available pool of Pi to distribute for a given time period),
• L is the lockup reward, which is a new component of the individual Pioneer base mining rate,
• S is the the Security Circle reward, which is a component of the individual Pioneer base mining rate from valid Security Circle connections the same way as in the pre-Mainnet mining formula,
• E is the Referral Team reward from active Referral Team members the same way as in the pre-Mainnet mining formula,
• N is the Node reward,
• A is the Pi apps usage reward, and
• X are new types of contributions necessary for the network ecosystem in the future, which will be determined later, but will also be designed as a multiple of B.

In short, S and E remain the same as in the pre-Mainnet mining formula, while new rewards such as L, N and A have been added to the current formula. L is added as part of I; N and A are added as additional rewards calculated based on I. In other words, the network still rewards growth through E and security through S, while incentivizing Pioneers’ contributions to running nodes for decentralization through N, using apps for utilities creation through A, and locking up for stability especially during the initial years through L. Further, new types of rewards to Pioneers through X in the future may be added for building a fully functioning ecosystem, such as rewards for Pioneer developers creating successful Pi apps. B continues to exist over a long period of time while having a yearly cap to ensure longevity of network growth while maintaining scarcity. In fact, all the rewards can be expressed in B as follows.

Here,

• • I(B,L,S) = B + S(B) + L(B)
  • S(B) = 0.2 min(Sc,5) B, where
    Sc is the count of valid Security Circle connections.
  • E(I) = Ec 0.25 I(B,L,S), where
    Ec is the count of active Referral Team members.
  • L(B) = Lt Lp log(N) B, where
    Lt is a multiplier corresponding to the duration of a lockup,
    Lp is the proportion of Pioneer’s mined Pi on the Mainnet that is locked up with the maximum being 200%, and
    N is the total number of Pioneer's mining sessions preceding the current mining session.
  • N(I) = node_factor tuning_factor I, where
    Node_factor = Percent_uptime_last_1_days (Uptime_factor + Port_open_factor + CPU_factor), whereUptime_factor = (Percent_uptime_last_90_days + 1.5*Percent_uptime_last_360_days(360-90) + 2* Percent_uptime_last_2_years + 3*Percent_uptime_last_10_years),
    Port_open_factor = 1 + percent_ports_open_last_90_days + 1.5*percent_ports_open_last_360_days + 2* percent_ports_open_last_2_years + 3*percent_ports_open_last_10_years,
    CPU_factor = (1 + avg_CPU_count_last_90_days + 1.5*avg_CPU_count_last_360_days + 2* avg_CPU_count_last_2_years + 3*avg_CPU_count_last_10_years)/4.Percent_uptime_last_*_days/years is the percentage of the last * time period when the individual Node was live and accessible by the network.
    percent_ports_open_last_*_days/years is the percentage of the last * time period when the ports of the individual Node were open for connectivity to the network.
    avg_CPU_count_last_*_days/years is the average CPU that the individual Node provided to the network during the last * time period.
    tuning_factor is a statistical factor that normalizes the node_factor to a number between 0 and 10.
  • A (I)* =
    log [
    Σ_across_apps {
    log(time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds)
    }
    ]
    log [ log(
    0.8 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_30_days +
    0.6 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_90_days +
    0.4 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_180_days +
    0.2 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_1_year +
    0.1 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_2_year
    ) ] Itime_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds is, for each Pi app, the total amount of time in seconds that the Pioneer spends using the app on the prior day.
    Σ_across_apps sums up the logarithmic value of the Pioneer’s time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds across all the Pi apps.
    avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_* is the average daily time in seconds the Pioneer spends across all the Pi apps in the aggregate during the last * time period.* Note that when any of the logarithmic functions returns an undefined value or a value below 0 (that is, when, the input to the logarithmic function is below 1), the formula resets the value of the logarithmic function to be 0 in order to avoid negative mining rewards or an error in the function.

• X(B) is to be determined in the future based on the new types of contributions, but will be a multiple of B and kept within the yearly supply limit along with other rewards.

As shown above, the expressions of S and E remain the same as in the pre-Mainnet mining formula, and will not be explained further here. Next, we will focus on explaining the changes to B, changes to I through L, and the additions of N and A.

Systemwide Base Mining Rate

Like in Pre-Mainnet mining, all of the terms in the Mainnet mining formula above can be expressed in Pi per hour and are designed to be a multiple of B. Hence, the equation can also be re-written as below. Every Pioneer can mine at least the Systemwide Base Mining Rate everyday, and will be able to mine at a higher rate if they also have other types of contributions that are calculated as multiples of B.

M = B (1 + S + L) (1 + N + E + A + X)

Unlike in the pre-Mainnet mining, B in Mainnet mining as in the formula above is no longer a constant across all Pioneers at a given point in time, but is calculated in real time and dynamically adjusted based on a yearly supply cap.

Given a yearly supply limit, it is impossible to keep a constant B like in the pre-Mainnet period because it’s unpredictable how much each Pioneer mines and how many Pioneers are actively mining during a period of time. The pre-Mainnet model was designed to incentivize growth during the beginning years to bootstrap the network. As the network achieves a certain scale, it also needs to ensure the overall health of the ecosystem. Therefore, an exponential issuance of the tokens through exponential network growth and a constant mining rate does not make sense any longer. The shift of B from being a constant to being dynamically adjusted throughout the year results from the need to incentivize Pioneers’ contributions meritocratically but also to keep the total rewards within a limit.

Thus, to solve the yearly limit problem while ensuring fairness for whoever mined Pi, B of a given day in the year is calculated as below. Here a day is defined as the last 24 hours before the moment a Pioneer starts a new mining session. Hence, different Pioneers will have slightly different days relative to their time of mining, and thus, potentially a slightly different B based on the calculation below. Each Pioneer’s B of their day stays constant through their mining session, that is, over the next 24 hours from the moment they start their mining session. B is calculated as follows:

• Divide the remaining total Pi supply of the year by the number of days left in the year to get day_supply based on the remaining yearly supply,
• add the multiples of B from all Pioneers actively mining within the last 24 hours, which represents a diverse set of Pioneers’ contributions, in the Mainnet mining formula above to get the sum_of_B_multiples of the whole network for that 24-hour window, and
• further divide day_supply by sum_of_B_multiples and 24 hours to get B of that specific mining session.

Hence, for a given day of the year,
B = day_supply / (sum_of_B_multiples 24h)

Under this framework, B on different days of the year will be different depending on how many Pioneers mined in the last 24 hours as well as what and how much contributions they made to receive the extra multiples of B by running nodes, using utilities apps or lockups, etc. This model also addresses any uncertainty with having X(B)—future types of contribution rewards for Pioneers—in the formula. Regardless of how much X is going to be, it will be kept within the same yearly supply limit without increasing the total supply and will only affect the division of rewards among different types of contributions. This dynamic mechanism allows Pioneers themselves, in a decentralized way, to make sure that (1) the rewards do not exceed the yearly supply limit, (2) the distribution of the yearly supply does not end early in the year, and (3) the rewards are divided meritocratically.

For purposes of illustration, let’s suppose there are only two Pioneers on a given day and B is the mining rate (expressed in Pi/day for this illustration)—a constant during a specific Pioneer mining session, but dynamically adjusted across different days:

Pioneer 1 has no app engagement (A=0), is not operating a Node (N=0), has no security connections (S=0), and has no active Referral Team members (E=0). They are in their 11th mining session (N=10) and are locking up 100% of their mined Pi (Lp=1) for 3 years (Lt=2). Pioneer 1’s mining rate on this day is:

• M1 = I(B,L,S) + 0 + 0 + 0, or
• M1 = B + {2 1 log(10)} B + 0, or
• M1 = 3B

Pioneer 2 has no app engagement (A=0), is not operating a Node (N=0), has no lockup (L=0), and has no active Referral Team members (E=0). They have a full Security Circle. Pioneer 2’s mining rate on this day is:

• M2 = I(B,L,S) + 0 + 0 + 0, or
• M2 = B + 0 + {0.2 min(Sc,5) B}, or
• M2 = B + {0.2 5 B}, or
• M2 = 2B

Here, Total Pi to be mined in the whole network on this day = M1 + M2 = 5B Let’s assume there are 500 Pi and 50 days left in the year.
Therefore, Total Pi available to be mined for this day = 500 Pi / 50 days = 10 Pi/day

Solving B based on the two equations above,

• 5B=10 Pi B = 2 Pi/day (or 0.083 Pi/hour)

Accordingly, Pioneers 1 and 2 will have their actual mining rates as follows:

• M1 = 3 2 Pi/day = 6 Pi/day (or 0.25 Pi/hour)
• M2 = 2 2 Pi/day = 4 Pi/day (or 0.17 Pi/hour)

Pioneer Base Mining rate

By comparison, the individual Pioneer base mining rate in the pre-Mainnet mining formula includes only system-wide base mining rate and Security Circle rewards. At Mainnet, a new component, lockup reward, is added to individual Pioneer base mining rate I. Lockup rewards L, along with the system-wide base mining rate B and Security Circle reward S, constitute the individual Pioneer base mining rate I. Since I is used as an input to calculate all the other rewards, as a result, the Security Circle and lockup rewards enhance the total Pioneer mining rate by: (1) by directly adding to the individual Pioneer base mining rate and (2) by boosting the any Referral Team reward E, nodes reward N, and app usage reward A.

Lockup Reward

At Mainnet, the lockup reward is meant to support a healthy and smooth ecosystem and incentivize long-term engagement with the network, while the network is bootstrapping the economy and creating demands. It is an important decentralized macroeconomic mechanism to moderate circulating supply in the market, especially in the early years of the open market when utilities are being created. One important goal of the Pi Network is to create a utility-based ecosystem of apps. Transactions for real goods and services in the ecosystem, rather than just speculative trading, are intended to determine the utility of Pi. As we launch the Enclosed Network phase of the Mainnet, one of the main areas of focus will be to support and grow the Pi app developer community and nurture more Pi apps to grow. In the meantime, Pioneers can choose to lock up their Pi to help create a stable market environment for the ecosystem to mature and for more Pi apps to emerge and provide compelling use cases for spending Pi – to ultimately create organic demands through utilities.

The lockup reward formula is reprinted here:

L(B) = Lt Lp log(N) B, where
Lt is the Lockup Time period multiplier of B.

• 0 → Lt = 0
• 2 weeks → Lt = 0.1
• 6 months → Lt = 0.5
• 1 year → Lt = 1
• 3 years → Lt = 2

Lp is the Lockup Percentage multiplier of B, where
the Lockup Percentage is the lockup amount over the Mainnet Balance transferred from one’s previous mining rewards (Lb), and the Lockup Percentage multiplier is as follows.

• 0% → Lp = 0
• 25% → Lp = 0.25
• 50% → Lp = 0.5
• 90% → Lp = 0.9
• 100% → Lp = 1.0
• 150% → Lp = 1.5
• 200% → Lp = 2

log(N) is the logarithmic value of the total number of previous mining sessions (N).Pioneers will have the opportunity to voluntarily lock up their Pi to earn the right to mine at a higher rate. First of all, the prerequisite of the lockup reward is that the Pioneer must be actively mining. Without mining in the first place, there will be no lockup rewards for any inactive mining sessions, even if Pi is locked up. As expressed in the formula above, all that the lockup does is to provide multipliers to B, so there will be no lockup rewards if B is 0 (which means the Pioneers is not mining).

Secondly, the lockup reward is positively associated with the contribution to the lockup, i.e. the duration of the lockup time period (Lt) and the amount locked up. However the lockup amount is accounted for by the percentage of a Pioneer’s total Pi mined (Lp). The maximum Pi that a Pioneer can lock up is twice as much as their Mainnet Balance that got transferred from their prior mining in the mobile app (Lb), i.e. 200% Lb. The reasons for having a 2X maximum lockup amount of one’s transferred Mainnet Balance (Lb) are to 1) prevent exploitation of the lockup reward and 2) further encourage other contributions to the Pi ecosystem, such as further boosting their mining, running nodes and using apps. This, in a sense, favors Pioneers who mine and make other types of contributions to the network.

Thirdly, Log(N) offers a higher lockup incentive to Pioneers who have a long mining history and presumably a large transferable balance to lock up. While the lockup reward formula generally favors equality by accounting for not the absolute amount but the percentage of their transferred balance (Lp) — which allows smaller accounts with a short mining history to lock up small amounts and yet receive the same lockup reward multiplier as big accounts — we need to add a Log(N) factor that accounts for miners with a long mining history, to counterbalance the bias in favor of Pioneers with small balances and provide enough incentive for long-history Pioneers with bigger balances. However, the effect of mining history on lockup rewards also needs to be capped. Thus, the formula applies a logarithm to the number of previous mining sessions N. For example, if a Pioneer mined almost everyday for the last 3 years, their total previous mining sessions (N) will be about 1,000. In this scenario, Log(1,000) equals 3, adding another multiplier to B in their lockup rewards. Keep in mind that to achieve meaningful lockup rewards for long-mining-history Pioneers, the amount of Pi they have to lock up is much more than smaller accounts.

Fourthly, one Pioneer can voluntarily have multiple lockups at different times with different amounts and durations. The calculation of the total lockup rewards for this Pioneer with i number of different lockups is to find the total lockcup reward multiplier of B, as expressed in the formula below. The formula below is the equivalent to the lockup reward formula above, with the only difference being that it accounts for multiple lockups of the same Pioneer to calculate their total lockup rewards, e.g. different durations (Lti) and different amounts (Lci) of each lockup at different time:

The purpose of this formula is to calculate the total lockup rewards based proportionally on each lockup’s amount (Lc) over the total Mainnet Balance from previous mining (Lb) as a weight, multiplied by their respective lockup time period (Lt) and Log(n). So that, even though there are multiple lockups of the same Pioneer, more lockups with different settings will proportionally add to their total lockup rewards. The values of Lt, Lc, and log(N) are calculated and multiplied for each lockup i and then summed across various i’s, which is then divided by the value of Lb at a given mining session, to arrive at the value of L(B) for that mining session. This formula ensures that regardless of the Lb, as long as the Pioneer maintains the same percentage of their lockup amount over their Lb, the total lockup rewards multiplier will remain the same.

Lastly, when can a Pioneer lock up Pi? Pioneers can decide their lockup duration and lockup percentage of their transferable balance anytime they want as an overall account setting in the Pi app. They can even preselect these settings before they’re KYC’ed or ready to migrate to the Mainnet. As they and their Referral Team/Security Circle pass KYC, more of their Mobile Balance will become transferable. At the moment of the migration of their Transferable Balance to Mainnet, their preselected setting of lockup duration and percentage will automatically apply to the amount of balance transferred, resulting in two types of balances on the Mainnet: lockup balance and free balance, both of which will be recorded on the Mainnet blockchain and reside in the Pioneer’s non-custodial Pi wallet. Thus, lockups cannot be reversed once confirmed and must remain locked up for the entirety of the chosen duration due to the nature of blockchain. Any changes to this Pioneer's lockup setting will take effect in their next balance transfer to the Mainnet.

This account-wide lockup setting allows Pioneers to lock up a maximum of 100% of their transferable balance from mobile to Mainnet. After Mainnet launches and Pioneers transfer their balances, Pioneers can also lock up more Pi directly on the Mainnet through a slightly different lockup interface later on. At that time, Pioneers can lock up as much as 200% of their already-transferred Mainnet balance acquired from their previous mining. The additional lockup allowance for more Pi than individually mined by the Pioneer can come from utility-based Pi apps transactions, i.e., making Pi from selling goods and services.

App Usage Reward

An overarching goal of the Pi Network is to build an inclusive peer-to-peer economy and online experience fueled by the Pi cryptocurrency through our app ecosystem. Therefore, Pioneers will have additional mining rewards for using Pi apps on the Pi apps platform through the Pi Browser, including ecosystem apps and third-party apps in the Pi Directory. The app usage reward for Pioneers helps the ecosystem in two ways.

First, it will give Pi app developers market access and increased impressions of their apps. Pi app developers will gain usage and product iteration opportunities from Pioneers, which has been one of the biggest barriers to creating viable decentralized applications in the blockchain industry. Decentralized application (dApp) developers do not yet have a plentiful, stable, and utility-seeking consumer market environment to test and hone their consumer products to create consumer utilities. Pi Network’s apps platform and the app usage reward are meant to provide that environment for dApp developers.

Second, the increased impressions and usage will potentially lead to increased spending of Pi by Pioneers in the Pi apps, thus increasing utility-based Pi demand in the market. Even though the impressions are incentivized through the app usage reward, the spending of Pi is not. This means that the Pi app usage reward to Pioneers helps the Pi app developers to the extent that Pioneers are at their door. Now what determines whether Pioneers will actually stay and spend Pi in their apps is how useful and engaging their products are and what values the apps can provide for Pioneers. This framework ensures that, for the purpose of Pi demand creation, organic market forces are at work that allow apps to compete on the basis of product quality and utility, ultimately allowing the best apps to emerge and stay in the market and generate real utilities and even more Pi demands.

Through the above two mechanisms, the app usage reward aims to achieve the gradual transition from extrinsic incentives to intrinsic motivations among Pioneers visiting Pi apps, and thus the transition from incentivized to organic usage of Pi apps in order to ultimately bootstrap a utility-based ecosystem of apps using Pi.

The app usage reward formula is reprinted here:

A (I)* =
log [ Σ_across_apps { log(time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds) } ] log [ log(    0.8 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_30_days +    0.6 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_90_days +    0.4 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_180_days +    0.2 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_1_year +    0.1 avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_2_year ) ] I

time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds is, for each Pi app, the total amount of time in seconds that the Pioneer spends using the app on the prior day.
Σ_across_apps sums up the logarithmic value of the Pioneer’s time_spent_per_app_yesterday_in_seconds across all the Pi apps.
avg_daily_time_across_apps_last_* is the average daily time in seconds the Pioneer spends across all the Pi apps in the aggregate during the last * time period.

* Note that when any of the logarithmic functions returns an undefined value or a value below 0 (that is, when, the input to the logarithmic function is below 1), the formula resets the value of the logarithmic function to be 0 in order to avoid negative mining rewards or an error in the function.

Generally, the app usage reward formula takes into account two factors: time spent in apps and the number of apps used while crediting the history of app usage in the long term and capping the rewards to avoid exploitation. There are two main parts to the formula. The first part aggregates a Pioneer’s time spent across each app in the last mining session (i.e., in the previous day). The logarithmic function provides a positive function with diminishing returns, meaning that an increase in time spent on any one app will generally increase the rewards, but the positive effect of time spent on rewards decreases as more time is spent. This setup encourages Pioneers to generally spend more time on multiple diverse apps, helping the network to bootstrap the creation of diverse utilities. At the same time, it caps the rewards to prevent users from exploiting this reward by artificially keeping the apps open all day, which would not meaningfully contribute to utilities creation.

The second part of the app usage reward formula looks at a Pioneer’s rolling average of daily time spent across all apps in various time periods. The further back the time period goes, the less it is weighted. In other words, a Pioneer mines more Pi the longer they have been using the Pi apps, but their recent time spent on the apps counts more toward mining than their previous time spent further back in the past. In addition, as a matter of fact, the app usage history takes effect on the current mining reward only if the Pioneer also used Pi apps during their last mining session. This means that there is no passive reward for only the past usage. Once again, the use of logarithmic functions helps moderate the mining boost from app usage to avoid exploitation of the app usage reward. A noteworthy implication here is that Pi chat moderators who have been helping to guide Pioneers and monitor undesirable activities on Pi chats over the last two years will mine the app usage reward at a higher rate when the Mainnet launches.

Node Reward

Like on any blockchain, Nodes are at the heart of the decentralization of Pi. In Pi, instead of relying on centralized institutional nodes, we decided to open up the Nodes to any Pioneer with a computer connected to the internet. Aided by the global trust graph aggregated from individual Pioneer’s Security Circles from the mobile app, these Nodes will run the consensus algorithm to validate transactions and process blocks. Because the Nodes are critical to the decentralization, security, and longevity of the Pi blockchain, Node-operating Pioneers will receive additional mining rewards.

The node reward formula is reprinted here:

• N(I) = node_factor tuning_factor I, where
  Node_factor = Percent_uptime_last_1_days (Uptime_factor + Port_open_factor + CPU_factor), where
  Uptime_factor = (Percent_uptime_last_90_days + 1.5*Percent_uptime_last_360_days(360-90) + 2* Percent_uptime_last_2_years + 3*Percent_uptime_last_10_years),
  Port_open_factor = 1 + percent_ports_open_last_90_days + 1.5*percent_ports_open_last_360_days + 2* percent_ports_open_last_2_years + 3*percent_ports_open_last_10_years,
  CPU_factor = (1 + avg_CPU_count_last_90_days + 1.5*avg_CPU_count_last_360_days + 2* avg_CPU_count_last_2_years + 3*avg_CPU_count_last_10_years)/4.
  Percent_uptime_last_*_days/years is the percentage of the last * time period when the individual Node was live and accessible by the network.
  percent_ports_open_last_*_days/years is the percentage of the last * time period when the ports of the individual Node were open for connectivity to the network.
  avg_CPU_count_last_*_days/years is the average CPU that the individual Node provided to the network during the last * time period. tuning_factor is a statistical factor that normalizes the node_factor to a number between 0 and 10.

The node reward depends on the uptime factor, port open factor, CPU factor, and the tuning factor. The uptime factor of a Node for a given period of time is the proportion of time the Node is active during that period. For example, a 25% uptime factor yesterday means that the Node was live and accessible for a total of 6 out of 24 hours yesterday. The Pi Node software tracks the time a particular Node is active. Starting in the Open Network phase, only a Node running functionally at a given point in time is considered active. This is a proxy for the reliability of the Node. However, for the historical data relevant to the mining reward, a Node is considered active if the Node app is open and connected to the internet even if it is not running functionally. This exemption for the past performance recognizes that the Community Node operators running the Testnet provided the network with important data and infrastructure to enable multiple iterations of the Node software and Testnet, and that it was not always the fault of the Node operator that their Nodes were inoperative.

The port open factor of a Node for a given period of time is the proportion of time the Node’s specific ports are detected to be accessible from the Internet during that period. Pi Nodes use ports 31400 through 31409, enabling other nodes to reach them through these ports and the network IP address. An open-port Node is able to respond to communications initiated by other Nodes, while closed-port Nodes are not able to receive such communications from other Nodes and can only initiate communications. Pi’s consensus protocol relies on Nodes sending a series of messages among each other. Therefore, open-port Nodes are critical to the operation of the Pi blockchain, and thus, worthy of a mining reward boost. In fact, the network aims to have at least 1/8th of the Nodes with open ports, and having an open port is one of the prerequisites for being a Super Node.

The CPU factor of a Node for a given period of time is the average number of CPU cores/threads available on the computer during that period. A higher CPU factor prepares the blockchain for future scalability, for example, the ability to process more transactions per block or more transactions per second. The Pi blockchain is not an energy and resource-intensive blockchain. The network is initially set to operate at one new block of up to 1,000 transactions (T) about every 5 seconds. Thus the network is effectively capable of processing up to about 200 transactions per second (TPS) or ~17M T/day. Should the blockchain get congested in the future, this limit can be increased to 2,000 TPS (~170M T/day) by increasing the block size from 1000 to 10,000 transactions per block. The higher the CPU contributed by Pi Nodes, the more room the network will have to grow and scale further in the future. Furthermore, higher collective CPU from Pi Nodes will allow novel peer-to-peer node-based applications to be built on Pi Network, such as decentralized CPU sharing applications that let computing power-intensive applications run or provide distributed cloud services. Such services will be further rewarding contributing nodes with additional Pi paid by the clients of those services.

Finally, a tuning factor normalizes the Node reward to a number between 0 and 10. This is meant to make Node rewards comparable to other types of mining rewards that recognize other contributions to Pi Network. During the Enclosed Mainnet phase (as explained in the Roadmap section), the Node reward formula is expected to iterate. For example, the use of logarithmic or root functions may potentially obviate the need for a tuning factor.

Having reliable Nodes running predictably over a long stretch of time is critical to the health of the blockchain. It is not a one and done contribution. Therefore, the uptime factor, port open factor, and the CPU factor are all calculated over varying time periods, where the value from more recent time periods are more heavily weighted than the time periods of equal lengths from a more distant past. Note, however, that the Node reward is a multiple of the uptime factor of the previous mining session. Hence, a Pioneer will not receive any Node reward in a given mining session if their Node was inactive for the entirety of the immediately preceding calendar day. Similar to the app usage reward, there is no passive reward for only the past contribution as a Node operator. This also means that a low uptime factor in the previous calendar day (even if the Node is active for a part of the day) will substantially reduce the Node reward in a given day despite high past Node contributions.

The Effect of KYC on Mainnet rewards

There will be a rolling grace period of six calendar months for a Pioneer to complete KYC. Thereafter, the Pioneer loses all the Pi mined outside of the rolling 6-month window and is unable to transfer the lost Pi to the Mainnet. The retention of the mined Pi in the 6-month window continues indefinitely until they pass KYC or the KYC policy changes. Note that this KYC-window mining framework will only begin when the KYC solution is generally available to all eligible Pioneers in the future, and will be announced to the community beforehand. The six-month restriction will not be immediately in place yet when we launch the Mainnet.

Because of the importance of true humanness in our social network-based mining, only the Pioneers who pass KYC will be able to transfer their Phone balance to the blockchain. Our objective is to have as many true Pioneers as possible pass KYC. As explained further below, the rolling six-month window serves the following important purposes:

• strike a balance between giving Pioneers adequate time to pass KYC and creating enough urgency to pass KYC,
• prevent unverified Pi beyond the rolling six-month KYC grace period from migrating to the Mainnet, instead freeing it up for mining by other KYC’ed Pioneers within the allocated Pi overall supply limit for Pioneer mining, and
• limit KYC spam and abuse (see 30-day delay in KYCing new members below)

If Pioneers do not pass KYC in time, it delays the Mainnet transfer of their balances and the balances of other Pioneers who have them on their Security Circles and Referral Teams. Without balances on the Mainnet, Pioneers are not able to use payments in Pi apps, thereby undermining the growth of our utility-based ecosystem. A six-month window creates a sense of urgency for Pioneers while giving them adequate time to retrieve their mined Pi. The KYC verification process will generally take into account Pioneers’ likelihood of being real human beings based on Pi’s machine-automated prediction mechanisms run over the last three years. Newly created accounts will not be able to immediately apply for KYC verification, until after 30 days. This helps the network limit the ability of bots and fake accounts to spam and abuse our KYC process and prioritize KYC validation resources for real human Pioneers.

Finally, the lost Pi of the Pioneers who delay KYC verification beyond six months will not be transferred to the Mainnet and will not be accounted for in the calculation of the systemwide base mining rate (B) beyond the rolling six-month KYC grace period. Pioneers will, therefore, need to claim their Pi in time, or their lost Pi will be reallocated to B for mining in the same year by other verified Pioneers who can make full contributions to the network.
Roadmap
Pi Network is unique in our technological and ecosystem design as well as the significance of our community input in development. This uniqueness is best served by a thoughtful and iterative approach that allows for community feedback, testing of products, features, and user experience, and phases defined by milestones. There are three main phases to our development: (1) Beta, (2) Testnet, and (3) Mainnet.

Phase 1: Beta

In December 2018, we publicly launched our mobile app on the iOS App store as an alpha prototype that onboarded the initial Pioneers. On Pi Day, March 14, 2019, the original Pi whitepaper was published, marking the official launch of the Pi Network. At this stage, our app allowed Pioneers to mine Pi by contributing to the growth and security of the future Pi blockchain. As the eventual goal was to launch the Mainnet and build an ecosystem around the Pi platform, the Pi app running on the centralized Pi server enabled mobile phone users (Pioneers) to contribute their security circles that, in aggregate, built the trust graph required by the consensus algorithm of the Pi Blockchain, and in return, the Pioneers received mining rewards. Furthermore, the centralized phase allowed the network to grow, the community to form, and the Pi token to be accessible and widely distributed. This phase also allowed for the iteration of many technical features and Pioneer experience by leveraging community input throughout the development process.

The following major accomplishments were made during the Beta phase:

• The Pi Network mobile app was listed and accessible through the iOS App Store and Google Playstore.
• Pi Network grew from 0 to over 3.5 million engaged Pioneers.
• The Pi Network community actively engaged with the project through the app home screen interactions and chat app.
• Pi Network reached 233 countries and regions around the world.

Phase 2: Testnet

This phase started on March 14, 2020, marking another critical preparation to the transition to a decentralized blockchain—a live Testnet with distributed Nodes from all over the world. Pi Network’s Node software enabled individual computers to support running the Pi Testnet using Test-Pi coin. Test-Pi was available only for the purpose of testing and has no relation to Pioneers’ account balances on the Pi app. The Pi Testnet has reached over 10,000 fully functional community Nodes and over 100,000 daily active Nodes on the waiting list, and as explained in a later section, will continue to exist for testing purposes in the Mainnet phase.

Pi Testnet allows for the testing of connectivity, performance, security, and scalability of the blockchain, and allows Pi apps developers to develop the Pi apps before they can deploy their app on the Mainnet. During the Testnet phase, 3 major strategies were adopted: (1) decentralization through Testnet Nodes, (2) growth through the main Pi app for mobile mining, and (3) utility creation through the Pi apps platform on the Pi Browser. The Testnet ran in parallel with the Pi mobile mining app from Phase 1 and enabled decentralized community Nodes to get online and ready for the Mainnet. Specifically, the Testnet Nodes helped with the assessment of the blockchain’s performance, security, and scalability. It also helped Pi App developers test their apps against the Pi Blockchain. At the same time, the Pi mobile mining app continued to onboard millions of Pioneers, building the community and contributing to the security of the blockchain. The Pi Browser, along with the Pi SDK, enabled the community to create utilities and develop the Pi ecosystem.

The following major accomplishments were made during the Testnet phase:

• Many versions of the Node software were released.
• The Pi Platform was released along with key ingredients of our ecosystem infrastructure: Wallet, Browser, Brainstorm and developer tools.
• Pilot version of the KYC app was introduced on the Pi Browser.
• The project ran its first ever worldwide online Hackathon with thousands of participants from within the Pioneer Community.
• Pi Network grew to over 30 million engaged Pioneers, and from 0 to over 10,000 fully functional community Nodes and over 100,000 daily active Nodes on the waiting list.
• Pi Network reached almost all countries and regions in the world.

Phase 3: Mainnet

In December 2021, the Mainnet of the Pi blockchain will go live. The migration of Pioneer balances from their phone account to the Mainnet starts during this period. KYC authentication of a Pioneer precedes their balance migration to the Mainnet. In order to allow for sufficient time for millions of Pioneers to successfully complete their KYC verification, create utilities in the Pi ecosystem, and continue to iterate on our technology and ecosystem design, the Mainnet will have two periods:

1. at first, firewalled Mainnet (i.e., the Enclosed Network),
2. and then, open Mainnet (i.e., the Open Network).

The Enclosed Network Period

This period will begin in December 2021. The Enclosed Network period means that the Mainnet is live but with a firewall that prevents any unwanted external connectivity. Pioneers will be able to take time to KYC and migrate their Pi to the live Mainnet blockchain. Any balance migrated to the Mainnet can be used, by the choice of the Pioneer, to purchase goods and services in Pi apps, transfer to other Pioneers, or get locked up for a duration of time for a higher mining rate. KYC’ed Pioneers will be able to use their Pi on the Mainnet freely in an enclosed environment within Pi Network. However, this period will not allow connectivity between the Pi blockchain and other blockchains.

Advantages of the Two-Period Approach to Mainnet

There are multiple advantages to having an intermediate enclosed period to ramp up to the fully open Mainnet. This approach allows time for:

• millions of Pioneers worldwide to pass KYC,
• building and deploying more Pi Apps and allowing more utilities to be created and used,
• transitioning Pi Apps deployed on the Testnet to the Mainnet, and
• iterating on any modifications and adjustments to the Mainnet and the ecosystem before the Open Network.

The Enclosed Network period allows time for millions of Pioneers to KYC and migrate their Pi to the Mainnet. Only a small fraction of Pioneers have been able to complete their KYC around the launch of the Mainnet. Over the coming months, we will continue to roll out the KYC solution to more Pioneers and help them complete their KYC. If we moved directly from Testnet to Open Network, this would mean that the Pioneers who were able to KYC before others would have Pi available for use outside of the Pi platform while the Pioneers still waiting to complete their KYC would not yet have this privilege. The speed at which Pioneers all over the world are able to complete their KYC will depend on the speed at which each local community provides the KYC validator crowd work force as well as the speed at which individual Pioneers participate in the KYC.

Having the Enclosed Network period gives time for millions of Pioneers to complete their KYC and transfer their Pi to the Mainnet. This way, all the Pioneers who are willing and able to complete their KYC in a reasonable period of time get to use their Pi outside of the Pi platform at once. Given that external connectivity between the Pi Blockchain and other blockchains or systems is not allowed during the Enclosed Network period, this further helps Pioneers focus on transitioning into Mainnet without any influences external to the Pi Blockchain.

This period will also help the community focus on creating utilities and bootstrapping the ecosystem without any external distractions. Consistent with the vision of the Pi network to enable a utility-based ecosystem, this allows apps to deploy on Mainnet and create utilities for Pioneers. Pi apps will be able to switch from Testnet to Mainnet—to production mode for real Pi transactions. At this time, KYC’ed Pioneers will be able to spend their Pi on Pi apps, boosting utilities creation and bootstrapping the Pi ecosystem before the Open Network. This gradual and deliberate ramp to Open Network will help the apps, as well as the Pi Network, to uncover and resolve any glitches in the market and the technology. Thus, the Enclosed Network period is in line with Pi’s vision of a utility-based ecosystem and its iterative philosophy.

Moreover, the Enclosed Network will allow the Mainnet to run with production data and real Pi, which differs from Testnet. Data gathered during the Enclosed Network will help calibrate and tweak any configurations and formulae, if necessary, to ensure a stable and successful Open Network.

KYC Verification and Mainnet Balance Transfer

“Know Your Customer/Client” (KYC) is a process that verifies identification to distinguish genuine accounts from fake ones. The vision of Pi Network is to build an inclusive and the most widely distributed token and ecosystem for all Pioneers. The mining mechanism of Pi Network is social network-based, and the mining rate has halved 5 times so far as the social network size grew to over 1K, 10K, 100K, 1M, and 10M engaged members. Therefore, Pi has a strict policy of one account per person. This requires a high degree of accuracy to establish that members in the network are genuine human beings, preventing individuals from being able to unfairly hoard Pi by creating fake accounts. Pioneers’ KYC results will depend on not only identity verification, but also their name matching with the Pi account and screening against government sanction list. KYC, thus, helps ensure the true humanness of the network and compliance with the Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and anti-terrorism regulations.

As communicated at the founding of the network, to ensure true humanness, fake Pi accounts and scripted mining are strictly prohibited. These accounts will be disabled, and will not be able to migrate to Mainnet. Over the past three years, multiple technical mechanisms have been implemented to identify bots and fake accounts. For the accounts identified as highly likely to be fake by Pi’s algorithm, the weight is on these accounts to prove otherwise. These identified fake accounts will either be disabled or go through a much more rigorous review and appeal process. The allocation of KYC slots will be prioritized for accounts with a high likelihood of being true human holders.

Only the accounts with verified identities will be allowed to transition to Mainnet, and only the Pi balances attributable to identity-verified accounts will be allowed to transfer to the Mainnet balance. When a Pioneer and their referral team and security circle members pass the KYC determines if and when, and to what extent, a Pioneer can transfer their balances. Below is a hypothetical example to illustrate how the KYC verification of Pioneers affects their balances in migration to the Mainnet.

For simplicity, we define different concepts of Pi balances as follows:

• Mobile Balance: The Pi balance currently shown in a Pioneer’s account in the Pi mobile app
• Transferable Balance: The balance that has been allowed to be transferred to the Mainnet because the Pioneer and their specific associated individuals in the referral teams and security circles have passed KYC
• Mainnet balance: The balance that has been migrated and transferred by the Pioneer to the Mainnet

Suppose individual A is the owner of a Pi account who wants to transfer their Mobile Balance. Pioneer A will only be allowed to transfer any of the Mobile Balance to the Mainnet when their identity is verified, i.e., when they pass the KYC. Let’s say this individual has Individuals B, C, D, and E on their referral team and Individuals D, E, F, and G in their security circle. So far, only individuals A, B, D, and F have completed their KYC verification.

In this example setup:

• A is a mining Pioneer who has passed KYC.
• B, C, D, E are in the Referral Team of A.
• D, E, F, G are in the Security Circle of A.
• A, B, D, and F have passed KYC.

Here, A’s Transferable Balance is the sum of the following three components:

• Pioneer Rewards: Pi mined based on A’s Pioneer status across all mining sessions
• Contributor Rewards: D and F’s contribution to A's mining rate as Contributors in all mining sessions
• Ambassador Rewards: Mining bonuses from all mining sessions when B and D as referral team members mined during the same session as A mined

As more of Pioneer A’s referral team and security circle members (i.e., C, E, and G) pass KYC, more portions of A’s Mobile Balance will become Transferable Balance—ready for A to migrate to the Mainnet, and ultimately become A’s Mainnet Balance.

During the Enclosed Mainnet period, any Mobile Balance that has not become Transferable Balance will remain in the Mobile mining app until the associated Pioneers in the referral team and security circles pass KYC and the corresponding amount becomes transferable to Mainnet. In the case of the above example of Pioneer A, the balance contribution by C, E, and G will remain as Mobile Balance for A in the mining app waiting for them to pass KYC in order for such balance to become transferable. If such associated accounts never pass KYC, the balance attributed to these non-KYC’ed accounts will expire at a certain date which will have allowed enough time for the whole network to KYC. The unclaimed balances due to lack of KYC will be discarded by not being transferred to the Mainnet at all, instead freeing it up for mining by other KYC’ed Pioneers within the allocated Pi overall supply limit for Pioneer mining as explained in the Pi Supply section.

Restrictions in the Enclosed Network

While transactions between Pi apps and Pioneers and Pioneer-to-Pioneer transactions are allowed within Pi Network, the Enclosed Network will have in place the restrictions as listed below. These restrictions at this stage help enforce the enclosed nature of the network:

• There will be no connectivity between Pi and other blockchains or crypto exchanges.
• Mainnet can only be accessed through the Pi Wallet and Pi apps on the Pi Browser.
• The Mainnet blockchain will be accessible to any computer on the internet but only through a firewall to enforce the above rules.
• There will only be Core Team Nodes on the Mainnet to ensure that the firewall is in place at all times.

The Enclosed Network will support the economic activities and growth of the Pi ecosystem. Thus, Pioneer-to-Pioneer transactions are possible through the Pi Wallet as KYC’ed Pioneers will be able to use the Pi Wallet to transact in Pi. Pioneers can also spend Pi in Pi apps on the Pi Browser, which can access the Mainnet through the Pi Apps SDK and the Pi Blockchain API. During the Enclosed Network period, an app on the Pi Browser can only use the Pi blockchain APIs whitelisted by the firewall to interact with the Mainnet.

The following uses of Pioneer-to-Pioneer, Pioneer-to-App, and App-to-Pioneer transactions will be allowed:

• Exchange of Pi for goods and services through Pi Apps
• Transfer of Pi between Pioneers for goods and services

The following uses will be prohibited:

• Exchange of Pi for fiat currency
• Exchange of Pi for other cryptocurrencies
• Transfer for Pi for a future promise of fiat or other cryptocurrencies

We will enforce the above restrictions by adding a firewall to the Mainnet and by exclusively running the Mainnet Nodes for this interim period. Community Nodes will continue to run on the Testnet in the Enclosed Network period. We will continue to implement interface and other changes to the Nodes in preparation for the Open Network period where the Community Nodes will be able to run on the Mainnet. The restrictions of the Network to keep it enclosed will be relaxed as it reaches the next period—Open Network.

The Open Network Period

Depending on the maturity of the Enclosed Network economy and the progress of the KYC, this period may begin on Pi Day (March 14, 2022), Pi2 Day (June 28, 2022), or later. The Open Network period means that the firewall in the Enclosed Network period will be removed, allowing any external connectivity, e.g., to other networks, wallets, and anyone who wants to connect to Pi Mainnet. API calls will not be firewalled, and Pioneers will be able to run their own Pi Nodes and API services. Pioneers will have connectivity with other blockchains. Community Nodes can also run the Mainnet.